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In this paper we extend a popular non-cooperative network creation game (NCG) to allow for disconnected equilibrium networks. There are n players, each is a vertex in a graph, and a strategy is a subset of players to build edges to. For…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-10-28 Ulrik Brandes , Martin Hoefer , Bobo Nick

We propose a new class of game-theoretic models for network formation in which strategies are not directly related to edge choices, but instead correspond more generally to the exertion of social effort. The observed social network is thus…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2010-09-23 Christian Borgs , Jennifer Chayes , Jian Ding , Brendan Lucier

Studying the impact of cooperation in strategic settings is one of the cornerstones of algorithmic game theory. Intuitively, allowing more cooperation yields equilibria that are more beneficial for the society of agents. However, for many…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hans Gawendowicz , Pascal Lenzner , Lukas Weyand

We investigate several variants of a network creation model: a group of agents builds up a network between them while trying to keep the costs of this network small. The cost function consists of two addends, namely (i) a constant amount…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Johannes J. Schneider , Scott Kirkpatrick

In the swap game (SG) selfish players, each of which is associated to a vertex, form a graph by edge swaps, i.e., a player changes its strategy by simultaneously removing an adjacent edge and forming a new edge (Alon et al., 2013). The cost…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Shotaro Yoshimura , Yukiko Yamauchi

We model the formation of networks as the result of a game where by players act selfishly to get the portfolio of links they desire most. The integration of player strategies into the network formation model is appropriate for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-01-27 Shaun Lichter , Christopher Griffin , Terry Friesz

In the network creation game with n vertices, every vertex (a player) buys a set of adjacent edges, each at a fixed amount {\alpha} > 0. It has been conjectured that for {\alpha} >= n, every Nash equilibrium is a tree, and has been…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-31 Akaki Mamageishvili , Matus Mihalak , Dominik Muller

Network creation games have been extensively studied, both from economists and computer scientists, due to their versatility in modeling individual-based community formation processes, which in turn are the theoretical counterpart of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-25 Davide Bilò , Luciano Gualà , Stefano Leucci , Guido Proietti

We study network formation with the bilateral link formation rule (Jackson and Wolinsky 1996) with $n$ players and link cost $\alpha>0$. After the network is built, an adversary randomly destroys one link according to a certain probability…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-09 Lasse Kliemann

Network Creation Games(NCGs) model the creation of decentralized communication networks like the Internet. In such games strategic agents corresponding to network nodes selfishly decide with whom to connect to optimize some objective…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Hagen Echzell , Tobias Friedrich , Pascal Lenzner , Anna Melnichenko

Network Design problems typically ask for a minimum cost sub-network from a given host network. This classical point-of-view assumes a central authority enforcing the optimum solution. But how should networks be designed to cope with…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Wilhelm Friedemann , Tobias Friedrich , Hans Gawendowicz , Pascal Lenzner , Anna Melnichenko , Jannik Peters , Daniel Stephan , Michael Vaichenker

Network Creation Games are an important framework for understanding the formation of real-world networks. These games usually assume a set of indistinguishable agents strategically buying edges at a uniform price leading to a network among…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Martin Bullinger , Pascal Lenzner , Anna Melnichenko

We study a pricing game in multi-hop relay networks where nodes price their services and route their traffic selfishly and strategically. In this game, each node (1) announces pricing functions which specify the payments it demands from its…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-10-15 Yufang Xi , Edmund M. Yeh

We study network formation with n players and link cost \alpha > 0. After the network is built, an adversary randomly deletes one link according to a certain probability distribution. Cost for player v incorporates the expected number of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-02-23 Lasse Kliemann

Dynamic networks are graphs in which edges are available only at specific time instants, modeling connections that change over time. The dynamic network creation game studies this setting as a strategic interaction where each vertex…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Binh-Minh Bui-Xuan , Nhat-Minh Nguyen , Sébastien Tixeuil , Yukiko Yamauchi

We consider a multilevel network game, where nodes can improve their communication costs by connecting to a high-speed network. The $n$ nodes are connected by a static network and each node can decide individually to become a gateway to the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-19 Sebastian Abshoff , Andreas Cord-Landwehr , Daniel Jung , Alexander Skopalik

Designing an optimal network topology while balancing multiple, possibly conflicting objectives like cost, performance, and resiliency to viruses is a challenging endeavor, let alone in the case of decentralized network formation. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Stojan Trajanovski , Fernando A. Kuipers , Yezekael Hayel , Eitan Altman , Piet Van Mieghem

We reconsider the well-studied Selfish Routing game with affine latency functions. The Price of Anarchy for this class of games takes maximum value 4/3; this maximum is attained already for a simple network of two parallel links, known as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-20 George Christodoulou , Kurt Mehlhorn , Evangelia Pyrga

We study the sum classic network creation game introduced by Fabrikant et al. in which $n$ players conform a network buying links at individual price $\alpha$. When studying this model we are mostly interested in \emph{Nash equilibria}…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Carme Àlvarez , Arnau Messegué

We analyze the network congestion game with atomic players, asymmetric strategies, and the maximum latency among all players as social cost. This important social cost function is much less understood than the average latency. We show that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-02 Xujin Chen , Benjamin Doerr , Xiaodong Hu , Weidong Ma , Rob van Stee , Carola Winzen