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In a graph, $k$ cycles are {\em admissible} if their lengths form an arithmetic progression with common difference one or two. Let $G$ be a 2-connected graph with minimum degree at least $k\geqslant 4$. We prove that \begin{itemize} \item…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Yandong Bai , Andrzej Grzesik , Binlong Li , Magdalena Prorok

A graph G=(V,E) is representable if there exists a word W over the alphabet V such that letters x and y alternate in W if and only if (x,y) is in E for each x not equal to y. The motivation to study representable graphs came from algebra,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-08-09 Sergey Kitaev , Pavel Salimov , Christopher Severs , Henning Ulfarsson

We call a (not necessarily planar) embedding of a graph $G$ in the plane \emph{sequential} if its vertices lie in $\mathbb Z^2$ and the line segments between adjacent vertices contain no interior integer points. In this note, we prove (i) a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-10 Jackson Autry , Christopher O'Neill

We shall present an algorithm for determining whether or not a given planar graph H can ever be a subgraph of a 4-regular planar graph. The algorithm has running time O(|H|^{2.5}) and can be used to find an explicit 4-regular planar graph G…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-23 Chris Dowden , Louigi Addario-Berry

A proper coloring $\phi$ of $G$ is called a proper conflict-free coloring of $G$ if for every non-isolated vertex $v$ of $G$, there is a color $c$ such that $|\phi^{-1}(c)\cap N_G(v)|=1$. As an analogy to degree-choosability of graphs, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Masaki Kashima , Riste Škrekovski , Rongxing Xu

A mapping from the vertex set of a graph G = (V,E) into an interval of integers {0,...,k} is an L(2,1)-labelling of G of span k if any two adjacent vertices are mapped onto integers that are at least 2 apart, and every two vertices with a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-08-02 Nicole Eggemann , Frédéric Havet , Steven D. Noble

For an integer $\ell\geq 2$, let ${\cal{H}}_{\ell}$ denote the family of graphs which have girth $2\ell$ and have no even hole of length greater than $2\ell$. Wu, Xu and Xu conjectured that every graph in $\bigcup_{\ell\geq 2}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Yan Wang , Rong Wu

A graph $G$ is $(k,k')$-choosable if the following holds: For any list assignment $L$ which assigns to each vertex $v$ a set $L(v)$ of $k$ real numbers, and assigns to each edge $e$ a set $L(e)$ of $k'$ real numbers, there is a total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-06 Tsai-Lien Wong , Xuding Zhu

It is well-known that every planar 4-connected graph has a Hamiltonian cycle. In this paper, we study the question whether every 1-planar 4-connected graph has a Hamiltonian cycle. We show that this is false in general, even for 5-connected…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Therese Biedl

In this paper, we prove that planar graphs without cycles of length 4, 6, 9 are 3-colorable.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-27 Yingli Kang , Ligang Jin , Yingqian Wang

This paper proves the following result: Assume $G$ is a triangle free planar graph, $X$ is an independent set of $G$. If $L$ is a list assignment of $G$ such that $\mid L(v)\mid = 4$ for each vertex $v \in V(G)-X$ and $\mid L(v)\mid = 3$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Jianzhang Hu , Xuding Zhu

It is proved that every connected graph $G$ on $n$ vertices with $\chi(G) \geq 4$ has at most $k(k-1)^{n-3}(k-2)(k-3)$ $k$-colourings for every $k \geq 4$. Equality holds for some (and then for every) $k$ if and only if the graph is formed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-08 Fiachra Knox , Bojan Mohar

A non-planar graph is almost-planar if either deleting or contracting any edge makes it planar. A graph with $n$ vertices is pancyclic if it contains a cycle of every length from $3$ to $n$, and it is Hamiltonian if it contains a cycle of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Santiago T. Adams , S. R. Kingan

A graph $G$ is $k$-vertex-critical if $\chi(G) = k$ but $\chi(G-v)<k$ for all $v \in V(G)$. A graph is $(H_1,H_2)$-free if it contains no induced subgraph isomorphic to $H_1$ nor $H_2$. A $W_4$ is the graph consisting of a $C_4$ plus an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Wen Xia , Jorik Jooken , Jan Goedgebeur , Iain Beaton , Ben Cameron , Shenwei Huang

This paper proves that for each positive integer $m$, there is a planar graph $G$ which is not $(4m+\lfloor \frac{2m-1}{9}\rfloor,m)$-choosable. Then we pose some conjectures concerning multiple list colouring of planar graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-17 Xuding Zhu

In this paper, we aim to introduce the group version of edge coloring and list edge coloring, and prove that all 2-degenerate graphs along with some planar graphs without adjacent short cycles is group $(\Delta(G)+1)$-edge-choosable while…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-05-31 Xin Zhang , Guizhen Liu

The adaptable choosability of a multigraph $G$, denoted $\mathrm{ch}_a(G)$, is the smallest integer $k$ such that any edge labelling, $\tau$, of $G$ and any assignment of lists of size $k$ to the vertices of $G$ permits a list colouring,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-12 Jurgen Aliaj , Michael Molloy

A simple graph $G$ is \textit{k-ordered} (respectively, \textit{k-ordered hamiltonian}), if for any sequence of $k$ distinct vertices $v_1, ..., v_k$ of $G$ there exists a cycle (respectively, hamiltonian cycle) in $G$ containing these $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Karola Meszaros

A graph $G$ is called chromatic-choosable if $\chi(G)=ch(G)$. A natural problem is to determine the minimum number of vertices in a $k$-chromatic non-$k$-choosable graph. It was conjectured by Ohba, and proved by Noel, Reed and Wu that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-01 Jialu Zhu , Xuding Zhu

We study a fundamental question from graph drawing: given a pair $(G,C)$ of a graph $G$ and a cycle $C$ in $G$ together with a simple polygon $P$, is there a straight-line drawing of $G$ inside $P$ which maps $C$ to $P$? We say that such a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Tim Ophelders , Ignaz Rutter , Bettina Speckmann , Kevin Verbeek