Related papers: On distinct consecutive $r$-differences

Let $X$ be an integrable discrete random variable over $\{0, 1, 2, \ldots\}$ with $\mathbb{P}(X = i + 1) \leq \mathbb{P}(X = i)$ for all $i$. Then for any integer $a \geq 1$, $\mathbb{P}(X \leq a) \leq \mathbb{E}[X] / (2a - 1)$. Let $W$ be…

Let $(X,\mu,T_1,...,T_l)$ be a measure-preserving system with those $T_i$ are commuting. Suppose that the polynomials $p_1(t),...,p_{l}(t)\in\Z[t]$ with $p_j(0)=0$ have distinct degrees. Then for any $\epsilon>0$ and $A\subseteq X$ with…

Recent progress in generalised geometry and extended field theories suggests a deep connection between consistent truncations and dualities, which is not immediately obvious. A prime example is generalised Scherk-Schwarz reductions in…

The three gap theorem (or Steinhaus conjecture) asserts that there are at most three distinct gap lengths in the fractional parts of the sequence $\alpha,2\alpha,\ldots,N\alpha$, for any integer $N$ and real number $\alpha$. This statement…

Extending the classical Legendre's result, we describe all solutions of the inequality |x - a/b| < c/b^2 in terms of convergents of continued fraction expansion of x. Namely, we show that a/b = (rp_{m+1} +- sp_m) / (rq_{m+1} +- sq_m) for…

In this paper, we prove generalizations to the L^p setting of the Hardy-Rellich inequalities on domains of R^N with singularity given by the distance function to the boundary. The inequalities we obtain are either sharp in bounded domains,…

Let $A$ be a subset of a finite abelian group such that $A$ has a small difference set $A-A$ and the density of $A$ is small. We prove that, counter--intuitively, the smallness (in terms of $|A-A|$) of the Fourier coefficients of $A$…

This paper presents the following results on sets that are complete for NP. 1. If there is a problem in NP that requires exponential time at almost all lengths, then every many-one NP-complete set is complete under length-increasing…

Let $B_{n}(t)$ be the $n$th Stern polynomial, i.e., the $n$th term of the sequence defined recursively as $B_{0}(t)=0, B_{1}(t)=1$ and $B_{2n}(t)=tB_{n}(t), B_{2n+1}(t)=B_{n}(t)+B_{n-1}(t)$ for $n\in\N$. It is well know that $i$th…

For each integer k >= 2, let F(k) denote the largest n for which there exists a permutation \sigma \in S_n, all of whose patterns of length k are distinct. We prove that F(k) = k + \lfloor \sqrt{2k-3} \rfloor + e_k, where e_k \in {-1,0} for…

This paper studies a large class of continuous functions $f:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}^d$ whose range is the attractor of an iterated function system $\{S_1,\dots,S_{m}\}$ consisting of similitudes. This class includes such classical examples as…

We define twelve variants of a Reifenberg's affine approximation property, which are known to be connected with the singular sets of minimal surfaces. With this motivation we investigate the regularity of the sets possessing these. We…

This paper concerns the values of the Euler phi-function evaluated simultaneously on k arithmetic progressions a_1 n + b_1, a_2 n + b_2, ..., a_k n + b_k. Assuming the necessary condition that no two of the polynomials a_i x + b_i are…

We revisit and sharpen the results from our previous work, where we investigated the regularity of the singular set of the free boundary in the nonlinear obstacle problem. As in the work of Figalli-Serra on the classical obstacle problem,…

We associate in a canonical way a substitution to any abstract numeration system built on a regular language. In relationship with the growth order of the letters, we define the notion of two independent substitutions. Our main result is…

A famous conjecture of Ryser states that any $r$-partite set system has transversal number at most $r-1$ times their matching number. This conjecture is only known to be true for $r\leq3$ in general, for $r\leq5$ if the set system is…

In the present work we prove a common generalization of Maynard-Tao's recent result about consecutive bounded gaps between primes and on the Erd\H{o}s-Rankin bound about large gaps between consecutive primes. The work answers in a strong…

In this paper, we investigate the Dirichlet problem of Laplacian on complete Riemannian manifolds. By constructing new trial functions, we obtain a sharp upper bound of the gap of the consecutive eigenvalues in the sense of the order, which…

Suppose that $G$ is a compact Hausdorff Abelian group. We say $\mu \in M(G)$ is strongly continuous if $|\mu|(x+H)=0$ for any $x \in G$ and any $H \leq G$ that is closed and of infinite index. We prove that for any sufficiently rapidly…

Let $p_n$ denote the $n$-th prime number, $\{q_n\}$ be a sequence of positive numbers and $x\in\mathbb{R}$. In this note we prove that the inequality $$q_n p_{n+1}^{x}-q_{n+1}p_{n}^{x}<p_{n}^{x}p_{n+1}^{x-1}, $$ holds for infinitely many…