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The paper presents the design of an assistive reading tool that integrates read-aloud technology with eye-tracking to regulate the speed of reading and support struggling readers in following the text while listening to it. The paper…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Gianluca Schiavo , Nadia Mana , Ornella Mich , Massimo Zancanaro , Remo Job

As human eyes serve as conduits of rich information, unveiling emotions, intentions, and even aspects of an individual's health and overall well-being, gaze tracking also enables various human-computer interaction applications, as well as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Sikai Yang , Wan Du

In this paper a review is presented of the research on eye gaze estimation techniques and applications, that has progressed in diverse ways over the past two decades. Several generic eye gaze use-cases are identified: desktop, TV,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Anuradha Kar , Peter Corcoran

Estimation eye gaze direction is useful in various human-computer interaction tasks. Knowledge of gaze direction can give valuable information regarding users point of attention. Certain patterns of eye movements known as eye accessing cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-18 Anjith George , Aurobinda Routray

Determining the direction in which a person is looking is an important problem in a wide range of HCI applications. In this paper we describe a highly accurate algorithm that performs gaze estimation using an affordable and widely available…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-07 Reza Shoja Ghiass , Ognjen Arandjelovic

This paper presents a new text entry technique, namely H4-Writer, designed for gaze controlled environments and aimed at reducing average KSPC . and spatial footprint. It also presents an empirical evaluation of this proposed system by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Raeid Saqur

Gaze estimation for ordinary smart phone, e.g. estimating where the user is looking at on the phone screen, can be applied in various applications. However, the widely used appearance-based CNN methods still have two issues for practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Tianchu Guo , Yongchao Liu , Hui Zhang , Xiabing Liu , Youngjun Kwak , Byung In Yoo , Jae-Joon Han , Changkyu Choi

Text input on mobile devices without physical keys can be challenging for people who are blind or low-vision. We interview 12 blind adults about their experiences with current mobile text input to provide insights into what sorts of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Dylan Gaines , Keith Vertanen

Gaze is a valuable means of communication for impaired people with extremely limited motor capabilities. However, robust gaze-based intent recognition in multi-object environments is challenging due to gaze noise, micro-saccades, viewpoint…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuzhi Lai , Shenghai Yuan , Peizheng Li , Andreas Zell

Eye gaze controlled interfaces allow us to directly manipulate a graphical user interface just by looking at it. This technology has great potential in military aviation, in particular, operating different displays in situations where…

Pie menus are suggested as powerful tool for eye gaze based text entry among various interfaces developed so far. If pie menus are used with multiple depth layers then multiple saccades are required per selection of item, which is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-07-29 Pawan Patidar , Himanshu Raghuvanshi , Sayan Sarcar

The cameras in modern gaze-tracking systems suffer from fundamental bandwidth and power limitations, constraining data acquisition speed to 300 Hz realistically. This obstructs the use of mobile eye trackers to perform, e.g., low latency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Anastasios N. Angelopoulos , Julien N. P. Martel , Amit P. S. Kohli , Jorg Conradt , Gordon Wetzstein

In this paper, we consider the problem of tracking the eye-gaze of individuals while they engage in reading. Particularly, we develop ways to accurately track the line being read by an individual using commercially available eye tracking…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Stephen Bottos , Balakumar Balasingam

Predicting the target of visual search from eye fixation (gaze) data is a challenging problem with many applications in human-computer interaction. In contrast to previous work that has focused on individual instances as a search target, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Hosnieh Sattar , Andreas Bulling , Mario Fritz

In this paper, we propose a novel touchless typing interface that makes use of an on-screen QWERTY keyboard and a smartphone camera. The keyboard was divided into nine color-coded clusters. The user moved their head toward clusters, which…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Shivam Rustagi , Aakash Garg , Pranay Raj Anand , Rajesh Kumar , Yaman Kumar , Rajiv Ratn Shah

Gaze input, as a modality inherently conveying user intent, offers intuitive and immersive experiences in extended reality (XR). With eye-tracking now being a standard feature in modern XR headsets, gaze has been extensively applied to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yichuan Zhang , Liangyuting Zhang , Xuning Hu , Yong Yue , Hai-Ning Liang

We address the challenge of unsupervised mistake detection in egocentric video of skilled human activities through the analysis of gaze signals. While traditional methods rely on manually labeled mistakes, our approach does not require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Michele Mazzamuto , Antonino Furnari , Yoichi Sato , Giovanni Maria Farinella

Advanced multimodal AI agents can now collaborate with users to solve challenges in the world. Yet, these emerging contextual AI systems rely on explicit communication channels between the user and system. We hypothesize that implicit…

Gaze-based interaction techniques have created significant interest in the field of spatial interaction. Many of these methods require additional input modalities, such as hand gestures (e.g., gaze coupled with pinch). Those can be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Tim Rolff , Jenny Gabel , Lauren Zerbin , Niklas Hypki , Susanne Schmidt , Markus Lappe , Frank Steinicke

Eye movements can reveal valuable insights into various aspects of human mental processes, physical well-being, and actions. Recently, several datasets have been made available that simultaneously record EEG activity and eye movements. This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-14 Nina Weng , Martyna Plomecka , Manuel Kaufmann , Ard Kastrati , Roger Wattenhofer , Nicolas Langer