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Layered materials (LMs) are at the centre of an ever increasing research effort due to their potential use in a variety of applications. The presence of imperfections, such as bi- or multilayer areas, holes, grain boundaries, isotropic and…

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is the most widespread adopted tool for atomic scale characterization of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Many 2D materials remain susceptible to electron beam damage, despite the standardized…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-11 Sytze de Graaf , Majid Ahmadi , Ivan Lazić , Eric G. T. Bosch , Bart J. Kooi

We demonstrate a method for filtering images defined on curved surfaces embedded in 3D. Applications are noise removal and the creation of artistic effects. Our approach relies on in-surface diffusion: we formulate Weickert's edge/coherence…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-04-08 Emma Naden , Thomas März , Colin B. Macdonald

The formation of epitaxial graphene on SiC is monitored in-situ using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). The possibility of using LEED as an in-situ thickness monitor of the graphene is examined. The ratio of primary diffraction spot…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-11-23 P. J. Fisher , Luxmi , N. Srivastava , S. Nie , R. M. Feenstra

Atomic-scale engineering typically involves bottom-up approaches, leveraging parameters such as temperature, partial pressures, and chemical affinity to promote spontaneous arrangement of atoms. These parameters are applied globally,…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-07-13 Ondrej Dyck , Sinchul Yeom , Andrew R. Lupini , Jacob L. Swett , Dale Hensley , Mina Yoon , Stephen Jesse

A subcell technique for calculation of optical properties of graphene with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is presented. The technique takes into account the surface conductivity of graphene which allows the correct…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-02-01 Ilya Valuev , Sergei Belousov , Maria Bogdanova , Oleg Kotov , Yurii Lozovik

Optimizing the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) hinges on a comprehensive understanding of their nanostructures, yet traditional characterization methods often fall short, delivering incomplete structural snapshots. We introduce…

The control of optically driven high-frequency strain waves in nanostructured systems is an essential ingredient for the further development of nanophononics. However, broadly applicable experimental means to quantitatively map such…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-01-29 Armin Feist , Nara Rubiano da Silva , Wenxi Liang , Claus Ropers , Sascha Schäfer

We investigate the possibility of non-destructive electron diffraction imaging of a single molecule to determine its structure. The molecular specimen will be held on a free-standing sheet of graphene. Due to the high conductivity of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 E. E. Fill , F. Krausz , M. Raizen

Devices made from two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene or transition metal dichalcogenides possess interesting electronic properties that can become accessible to experimental probes when the samples are protected from…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-07-16 Michael A. Altvater , Tianhui Zhu , Guohong Li , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Eva Y. Andrei

Fermi surfaces, three-dimensional (3D) abstract interfaces that define the occupied energies of electrons in a solid, are important for characterizing and predicting the thermal, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of crystalline…

The recent discovery of graphene has sparked significant interest, which has so far been focused on the peculiar electronic structure of this material, in which charge carriers mimic massless relativistic particle. However, the structure of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jannik C. Meyer , A. K. Geim , M. I. Katsnelson , K. S. Novoselov , T. J. Booth , S. Roth

CVD grown graphene used in (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM) studies must undergo a careful transfer of the one-atom-thick membrane from the growth surface (typically a Cu foil) to the TEM grid. During this transfer…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-08-06 Ondrej Dyck , Songkil Kim , Sergei V. Kalinin , Stephen Jesse

We demonstrate insights into the three-dimensional structure of defects in graphene, in particular grain boundaries, obtained via a new approach from two transmission electron microscopy images recorded at different angles. The structure is…

The convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns of twisted bilayer samples exhibit interference patterns in their CBED spots. Such interference patterns can be treated as off-axis holograms and the phase of the scattered waves,…

Conventional three-dimensional crystal lattices are terminated by surfaces, which can demonstrate complex rebonding and rehybridisation, localised strain and dislocation formation. Two dimensional crystal lattices, of which graphene is the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-07-23 Viktoria V. Ivanovskaya , Philipp Wagner , Alberto Zobelli , Irene Suarez-Martinez , Abu Yaya , Christopher P. Ewels

Epitaxial graphene grown on metallic substrates presents, in several cases, a long-range periodic structure due to a lattice mismatch between the graphene and the substrate. For instance, graphene grown on Ir(111), displays a corrugated…

Nanostructuring materials at small scales enables control over their physical properties, revealing behaviors not observed at larger dimensions. This strategy is particularly effective in two-dimensional (2D) materials, where surface…

Topological materials have gained significant attention in condensed matter physics due to their unique electronic and transport properties. Three-dimensional (3D) topological materials are characterized by robust electronic states that are…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-03 Jaime Sánchez-Barriga , Oliver J. Clark , Oliver Rader

Scanning tunneling microscopy is the method of choice for characterizing charge density waves by imaging the variation in atomic-scale contrast of the surface. Due to the measurement principle of scanning tunneling microscopy, the…