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We consider two varieties of labeled rooted trees, and the probability that a vertex chosen from all vertices of all trees of a given size uniformly at random has a given rank. We prove that this probability converges to a limit as the tree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-15 Miklos Bona , Istvan Mezo

Motivated by the study of random temporal networks, we introduce a class of random trees that we coin \emph{uniform temporal trees}. A uniform temporal tree is obtained by assigning independent uniform $[0,1]$ labels to the edges of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-23 Caelan Atamanchuk , Luc Devroye , Gabor Lugosi

A classical result of Koml\'os, S\'ark\"ozy and Szemer\'edi states that every $n$-vertex graph with minimum degree at least $(1/2+ o(1))n$ contains every $n$-vertex tree with maximum degree $O(n/\log{n})$ as a subgraph, and the bounds on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Felix Joos , Jaehoon Kim

An $\alpha$-thin tree $T$ of a graph $G$ is a spanning tree such that every cut of $G$ has at most an $\alpha$ proportion of its edges in $T$. The Thin Tree Conjecture proposes that there exists a function $f$ such that for any $\alpha >…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Alice Moayyedi

The mutational heterogeneity of tumours can be described with a tree representing the evolutionary history of the tumour. With noisy sequencing data there may be uncertainty in the inferred tree structure, while we may also wish to study…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Luís Cunha , Jack Kuipers , Thiago Lopes

The Gilbert-Pollak Conjecture \citep{gilbert1968steiner}, also known as the Steiner Ratio Conjecture, states that for any finite point set in the Euclidean plane, the Steiner minimum tree has length at least $\sqrt{3}/2 \approx 0.866$ times…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yisi Ke , Tianyu Huang , Yankai Shu , Di He , Jingchu Gai , Liwei Wang

For $S \subseteq \{0,1\}^n$ a Boolean function $f \colon S \to \{-1,1\}$ is a polynomial threshold function (PTF) of degree $d$ and weight $W$ if there is a polynomial $p$ with integer coefficients of degree $d$ and with sum of absolute…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Vladimir Podolskii , Nikolay V. Proskurin

Research in reinforcement learning has produced algorithms for optimal decision making under uncertainty that fall within two main types. The first employs a Bayesian framework, where optimality improves with increased computational time.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-09-22 Christos Dimitrakakis

Lower bounds are given for the depths of R/I^t for t at least one when I is the edge ideal of a tree or forest. The bounds are given in terms of the diameter of the tree, or in case of a forest, the largest diameter of a connected component…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2009-08-06 Susan Morey

We give a "regularity lemma" for degree-d polynomial threshold functions (PTFs) over the Boolean cube {-1,1}^n. This result shows that every degree-d PTF can be decomposed into a constant number of subfunctions such that almost all of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Ilias Diakonikolas , Rocco A. Servedio , Li-Yang Tan , Andrew Wan

A flip in a plane spanning tree $T$ is the operation of removing one edge from $T$ and adding another edge such that the resulting structure is again a plane spanning tree. For trees on a set of points in convex position we study two…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Oswin Aichholzer , Joseph Dorfer , Birgit Vogtenhuber

Generating function equation has been derived for the probability distribution of the number of nodes with $k \ge 0$ outgoing lines in randomly evolving special trees. The stochastic properties of end-nodes (k=0) have been analyzed, and it…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Pal

The rotor walk on a graph is a deterministic analogue of random walk. Each vertex is equipped with a rotor, which routes the walker to the neighbouring vertices in a fixed cyclic order on successive visits. We consider rotor walk on an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-27 Omer Angel , Alexander E. Holroyd

We consider a continuous time random walk on the rooted binary tree of depth $n$ with all transition rates equal to one and study its cover time, namely the time until all vertices of the tree have been visited. We prove that, normalized by…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Aser Cortines , Oren Louidor , Santiago Saglietti

The recursive and hierarchical structure of full rooted trees is applicable to represent statistical models in various areas, such as data compression, image processing, and machine learning. In most of these cases, the full rooted tree is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-24 Yuta Nakahara , Shota Saito , Akira Kamatsuka , Toshiyasu Matsushima

In this paper, we consider decision trees that use both queries based on one attribute each and queries based on hypotheses about values of all attributes. Such decision trees are similar to ones studied in exact learning, where not only…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Mohammad Azad , Igor Chikalov , Shahid Hussain , Mikhail Moshkov , Beata Zielosko

Decision trees are popular classification models, providing high accuracy and intuitive explanations. However, as the tree size grows the model interpretability deteriorates. Traditional tree-induction algorithms, such as C4.5 and CART,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Guangyi Zhang , Aristides Gionis

We consider the top tree compression scheme introduced by Bille et al. [ICALP 2013] and construct an infinite family of trees on $n$ nodes labeled from an alphabet of size $\sigma$, for which the size of the top DAG is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Bartłomiej Dudek , Paweł Gawrychowski

We introduce the Tree Evaluation Problem, show that it is in logDCFL (and hence in P), and study its branching program complexity in the hope of eventually proving a superlogarithmic space lower bound. The input to the problem is a rooted,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Stephen Cook , Pierre McKenzie , Dustin Wehr , Mark Braverman , Rahul Santhanam

We study the arboricity A and the maximum number T of edge-disjoint spanning trees of the Erdos-Renyi random graph G(n,p). For all p(n) in [0,1], we show that, with high probability, T is precisely the minimum between delta and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-29 Pu Gao , Xavier Pérez-Giménez , Cristiane M. Sato