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The hadron production in the simulation of extensive air showers is a long standing problem and the origin of large uncertainties in the reconstruction of the mass of the high energy primary cosmic rays. Hadronic interaction models re-tuned…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-12 Tanguy Pierog , Klaus Werner

Interpretation of extensive air showers (EAS) experiments results is strongly based on air shower simulations. The latter being based on hadronic interaction models, any new model can help for the understanding of the nature of cosmic rays.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-12-08 T. Pierog , K. Werner

An implementation of a novel of glass-based detector with fast response and wide detection range is needed to increase resolution for ultra-high energy cosmic rays detection. Such detector has been designed and built for the Horizon-T…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-05-05 A. Duspayev , M. Yessenov , D. Beznosko , A. Iakovlev , M. I. Vildanova , V. V. Zhukov

Employing a 40-kW radio-frequency transmitter just west of Delta, UT, and operating at 54.1 MHz, the TARA (Telescope Array RAdar) experiment seeks radar detection of extensive air showers (EAS) initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays…

The CALICE collaboration has constructed highly granular hadronic and electromagnetic calorimeter prototypes to evaluate technologies for the use in detector systems at a future Linear Collider. The hadron calorimeter uses 7608 small…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2010-06-21 Katja Seidel

We present the characteristics and performance of a demonstration experiment devoted to the observation of ultra high- energy cosmic ray extensive air showers using a radiodetection technique. In a first step, one antenna narrowed band…

The readout electronics of the ATLAS Hadronic Endcap Calorimeter (HEC) will have to withstand an about 3-5 times larger radiation environment at the future high-luminosity LHC (HLLHC) compared to their design values. The preamplifier and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-09-04 Martin Nagel

The CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) is a high-resolution, hermetic, and homogeneous calorimeter made of 75,848 scintillating lead tungstate crystals. Following the discovery of the Higgs boson, the CMS ECAL is at the forefront of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-10-12 Andrea Massironi

In 2017, the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) at CERN has obtained an astonishing result providing proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 50.25 fb-1. The CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid), a general-purpose detector operating at the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-07-24 Prasanna Kumar Siddireddy

Cosmic Rays (CR) impinging on the terrestrial atmosphere provide a viable opportunity to study new physics in hadron-nucleus collisions at energies covering many orders of magnitude, including a regime well beyond LHC energies. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-21 Oliver Fischer , Maximilian Reininghaus , Ralf Ulrich

Since 2007, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, based in Utah, USA, has been observing ultra high energy cosmic rays to understand their origins. The experiment involves a surface detector (SD) array and three fluorescence detector (FD)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 H. Tokuno , Y. Tameda , M. Takeda , K. Kadota , D. Ikeda , M. Chikawa , T. Fujii , M. Fukushima , K. Honda , N. Inoue , F. Kakimoto , S. Kawana , E. Kido , J. N. Matthews , T. Nonaka , S. Ogio , T. Okuda , S. Ozawa , H. Sagawa , N. Sakurai , T. Shibata , A. Taketa , S. B. Thomas , T. Tomida , Y. Tsunesada , S. Udo , T. Abu-zayyad , R. Aida , M. Allen , R. Anderson , R. Azuma , E. Barcikowski , J. W. Belz , D. R. Bergman , S. A. Blake , R. Cady , B. G. Cheon , J. Chiba , E. J. Cho , W. R. Cho , H. Fujii , T. Fukuda , D. Gorbunov , W. Hanlon , K. Hayashi , Y. Hayashi , N. Hayashida , K. Hibino , K. Hiyama , T. Iguchi , K. Ikuta , T. Ishii , R. Ishimori , D. Ivanov , S. Iwamoto , C. C. H. Jui , O. Kalashev , T. Kanbe , K. Kasahara , H. Kawai , S. Kawakami , H. B. Kim , H. K. Kim , J. H. Kim , J. H. Kim , K. Kitamoto , K. Kobayashi , Y. Kobayashi , Y. Kondo , K. Kuramoto , V. Kuzmin , Y. J. Kwon , S. I. Lim , S. Machida , K. Martens , J. Martineau , T. Matsuda , T. Matsuura , T. Matsuyama , I. Myers , M. Minamino , K. Miyata , H. Miyauchi , Y. Murano , T. Nakamura , S. W. Nam , M. Ohnishi , H. Ohoka , K. Oki , D. Oku , A. Oshima , I. H. Park , M. S. Pshirkov , D. Rodriguez , S. Y. Roh , G. Rubtsov , D. Ryu , A. L. Sampson , L. M. Scott , P. D. Shah , F. Shibata , H. Shimodaira , B. K. Shin , J. I. Shin , T. Shirahama , J. D. Smith , P. Sokolsky , T. J. Sonley , R. W. Springer , B. T. Stokes , S. R. Stratton , T. Stroman , S. Suzuki , Y. Takahashi , M. Takita , H. Tanaka , K. Tanaka , M. Tanaka , G. B. Thomson , P. Tinyakov , I. Tkachev , S. Troitsky , K. Tsutsumi , Y. Tsuyuguchi , Y. Uchihori , H. Ukai , G. Vasiloff , Y. Wada , T. Wong , M. Wood , Y. Yamakawa , H. Yamaoka , K. Yamazaki , J. Yang , S. Yoshida , H. Yoshii , R. Zollinger , Z. Zundel

The EPEAD and HEPAD instruments on the GOES spacecraft have served over many years as monitors of the solar particles intensities, surveying the Sun and measuring in situ its effect on the near-Earth solar-terrestrial environment. However,…

Space Physics · Physics 2017-08-21 Alessandro Bruno

The knee of cosmic ray spectra reflects the maximum energy accelerated by galactic cosmic ray sources or the limit to the ability of galaxy to bind cosmic rays. The measuring of individual energy spectra is a crucial tool to ascertain the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-06 Chen Yaling , Feng Zhang , Hu Liu , Fengrong Zhu

K-EUSO is a planned mission of the JEM-EUSO program for the study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) from space, to be deployed on the International Space Station. The K-EUSO observatory consists of a UV telescope with a wide field of…

The JEM-EUSO program is focused on observations of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) from space. For this purpose, a series of detectors based on multi-anode photomultiplier tubes with a time resolution of the order of $\mu$s have been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-19 Zbigniew Plebaniak , Marika Przybylak

The Horizon-T experiment in Tien Shan is based on the idea of measuring the time at which EAS disc passes the observation level with nanosecond accuracy. The detector system consists of ten charged particles registration points located at…

The muonic and electromagnetic components of air showers are sensitive to the mass of the primary cosmic particle. The sizes of the components can be measured with particle detectors on ground, and the electromagnetic component in addition…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-07 Ewa M. Holt , Frank G. Schröder , Andreas Haungs

The origin of the highest energy cosmic rays is still unknown. At present, the major uncertainties are located at energies above $\sim 10^{19.5}$ eV, the expected beginning of the GZK suppression. This is mainly due to the low statistics…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-07-28 A. D. Supanitsky , G. Medina-Tanco