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We present a new algorithm, FRiM (FRactal Iterative Method), aiming at the reconstruction of the optical wavefront from measurements provided by a wavefront sensor. As our application is adaptive optics on extremely large telescopes, our…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Eric Thiebaut , Michel Tallon

Scanning transmission electron microscopy is a common tool used to study the atomic structure of materials. It is an inherently multimodal tool allowing for the simultaneous acquisition of multiple information channels. Despite its…

A major challenge in single particle reconstruction methods using cryo-electron microscopy is to attain a resolution sufficient to interpret fine details in three-dimensional (3D) macromolecular structures. Obtaining high resolution 3D…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-07-23 Lanhui Wang , Yoel Shkolnisky , Amit Singer

Robotic imitation learning typically requires models that capture multimodal action distributions while operating at real-time control rates and accommodating multiple sensing modalities. Although recent generative approaches such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Amisha Bhaskar , Pratap Tokekar , Stefano Di Cairano , Alexander Schperberg

Accurate wave-optical simulation in electron microscopy is severely constrained by the extreme sampling requirements imposed by short wavelengths and relatively large convergence angles. Conventional implementations of the angular spectrum…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-18 Zdeněk Nekula , Jakub Bělín , Andrea Konečná

We have developed an algorithm for transferring radiation in three-dimensional space. The algorithm computes radiation source and sink terms using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, based on a formulation in which the integral of any…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Renyue Cen

Accelerating imaging speed in optical microscopy is often realized at the expense of image contrast, image resolution, and detection sensitivity- a common predicament for advancing high-speed and high-throughput cellular imaging. We here…

Different tasks in the computational pipeline of single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) require enhancing the quality of the highly noisy raw images. To this end, we develop an efficient algorithm for signal enhancement of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Guy Sharon , Yoel Shkolnisky , Tamir Bendory

Matrix functions such as square root, inverse roots, and orthogonalization play a central role in preconditioned gradient methods for neural network training. This has motivated the development of iterative algorithms that avoid explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Shenghao Yang , Zhichao Wang , Oleg Balabanov , N. Benjamin Erichson , Michael W. Mahoney

Traditional image acquisition for cryo focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy tomography often sees thousands of images being captured over a period of many hours, with immense data sets being produced. When imaging beam sensitive…

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful quantitative technique that provides metabolic and molecular contrast, offering strong translational potential for label-free, real-time diagnostics. However, its clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Paloma Casteleiro Costa , Parnian Ghapandar Kashani , Xuhui Liu , Alexander Chen , Ary Portes , Julien Bec , Laura Marcu , Aydogan Ozcan

We present a quantum algorithmic framework for simulating phase-contrast transmission electron microscopy (CTEM) image formation using a fault-tolerant, gate-based quantum circuit model. The electron wavefield on an $N\times N$ grid is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Sean D. Lam , Roberto dos Reis

We propose a new microscopy simulation system that can depict atomistic models in a micrograph visual style, similar to results of physical electron microscopy imaging. This system is scalable, able to represent simulation of electron…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-27 Ngan Nguyen , Feng Liang , Dominik Engel , Ciril Bohak , Peter Wonka , Timo Ropinski , Ivan Viola

Feynman once asked physicists to build better electron microscopes to be able to watch biology at work. While electron microscopes can now provide atomic resolution, electron beam induced specimen damage precludes high resolution imaging of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-12-16 Thomas Juffmann , Stewart A. Koppell , Brannon B. Klopfer , Colin Ophus , Robert Glaeser , Mark A. Kasevich

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is ubiquitous in nanoscale science allowing the observation of features in real space down to the angstrom resolution. The scanning nature of SPM, wherein a sharp tip rasters the surface during which a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-11-20 Maxime Le Ster , Sławomir Pawłowski , Iaroslav Lutsyk , Paweł Janusz Kowalczyk

This paper discusses the reconstruction of partially sampled spectrum-images to accelerate the acquisition in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The problem of image reconstruction has been widely considered in the literature…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-05 Etienne Monier , Thomas Oberlin , Nathalie Brun , Xiaoyan Li , Marcel Tencé , Nicolas Dobigeon

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have attracted a rapidly growing interest in a variety of different processing tasks in the medical ultrasound community. However, the performance of CNNs is highly reliant on both the amount and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-23 Mostafa Sharifzadeh , Habib Benali , Hassan Rivaz

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a pivotal computational imaging technique that achieves phase and amplitude reconstruction with high resolution and wide field of view, using low numerical aperture objectives and LED array…

We demonstrate improved detection of small trapped atomic ensembles through advanced post-processing and optimal analysis of absorption images. A fringe removal algorithm reduces imaging noise to the fundamental photon-shot-noise level and…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2010-12-17 C. F. Ockeloen , A. F. Tauschinsky , R. J. C. Spreeuw , S. Whitlock

Image stacks provide invaluable 3D information in various biological and pathological imaging applications. Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) enables reconstructing high-resolution, wide field-of-view image stacks without z-stack…