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Scene graphs have emerged as accurate descriptive priors for image generation and manipulation tasks, however, their complexity and diversity of the shapes and relations of objects in data make it challenging to incorporate them into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Pavel Jahoda , Azade Farshad , Yousef Yeganeh , Ehsan Adeli , Nassir Navab

An algorithm and numerical code for the up-sampling of a system of particles, from a smaller to a larger number, is described. The method introduces a Poissonian `shot-noise' to the up-sampled distribution, typical of the noise statistics…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-02-08 P. Traczykowski , L. T. Campbell , B. W. J. McNeil

Background: Photoacoustic Microscopy (PAM) integrates optical and acoustic imaging, offering enhanced penetration depth for detecting optical-absorbing components in tissues. Nonetheless, challenges arise in scanning large areas with high…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-12-15 Irem Loc , Mehmet Burcin Unlu

Here we describe an approach for simulating electronic structure on quantum computers with significantly lower asymptotic complexity than prior work. The approach uses a real-space first-quantised representation of the molecular Hamiltonian…

We describe a scalable distributed imaging algorithm framework for next-generation radio telescopes, managing the Fourier transform from apertures to sky (or vice versa) with a focus on minimising memory load, data transfers, and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-17 Peter Wortmann , James Kent , Bojan Nikolic

The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is essential for various applications ranging from signal processing to convolution and polynomial multiplication. The groundbreaking Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm reduces DFT time complexity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Orian Leitersdorf , Yahav Boneh , Gonen Gazit , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

Fastest arrival events, where the first among many diffusing particles reaches a target, are central in triggering signal initiation in molecular stochastic systems. Classical approaches to simulate such events rely on full trajectory…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Emmanuel Akame Mfoumou , David Holcman

The optical cross sections of plasmonic nanoparticles are intricately linked to the morphology of the particle. If this connection can be made accurately enough, it would become possible to determine a particles shape solely from its…

Single particle cryo-electron microscopy has become a critical tool in structural biology over the last decade, able to achieve atomic scale resolution in three dimensional models from hundreds of thousands of (noisy) two-dimensional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Aaditya V. Rangan , Leslie Greengard

This book chapter reviews progress in crystallographic image processing (CIP) for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) that has occurred since our description of the technique was first put into open access in this book series in the year 2010.…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-02 Peter Moeck

Finite element method applications are a common approach to simulate a handful of phenomena but can take a lot of computing power, causing elevated waiting time to produce precise results. The radiofrequency ablation finite element method…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Marcelo Cogo Miletto , Claudio Schepke , Lucas Mello Schnorr

This article presents a numerical model dedicated to the simulation of field ion microscopy (FIM). FIM was the first technique to image individual atoms on the surface of a material. By a careful control of the field evaporation of the…

Computationally expensive Radiative Transfer Models (RTMs) are widely used} to realistically reproduce the light interaction with the Earth surface and atmosphere. Because these models take long processing time, the common practice is to…

We present a new algorithm for 3D cone-beam tomography. The algorithm is based on decomposition of the cone-beam backprojection operation and angular decimation. It has computational complexity of $O(N^{3.5})$ and allows considerable…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-08-28 Vladyslav Andriiashen , Danila Kozhevnikov

Recording of transient absorption microscopy images requires fast detection of minute optical density changes, which is typically achieved with high-repetition-rate laser sources and lock-in detection. Here, we present a highly flexible and…

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) images of regularly arranged spatially periodic objects can be processed crystallographically. The resulting information may be used to remove from the SPM image distortions that are due to a less than…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-16 Peter Moeck

Working from a Poisson-Gaussian noise model, a multi-sample extension of the Photon Counting Histogram Expectation Maximization (PCH-EM) algorithm is derived as a general-purpose alternative to the Photon Transfer (PT) method. This…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-03-08 Aaron J. Hendrickson , David P. Haefner , Stanley H. Chan , Nicholas R. Shade , Eric R. Fossum

Femtosecond point-projection microscopy (fs-PPM) is an electron microscopy technique that possesses a combination of high spatio-temporal resolution and sensitivity to local electric fields. This allows it to visualize ultrafast charge…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-03-06 Faruk Krečinić , Jannik Malter , Alexander Paarmann , Melanie Müller , Ralph Ernstorfer

PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission) was proposed to ESA in response to the Call for White Papers for the definition of the L2 and L3 Missions in the ESA Science Programme. PRISM would have two instruments: (1) an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-29 PRISM Collaboration , Philippe Andre , Carlo Baccigalupi , Domingos Barbosa , James Bartlett , Nicola Bartolo , Elia Battistelli , Richard Battye , George Bendo , Jean-Philippe Bernard , Marco Bersanelli , Matthieu Bethermin , Pawel Bielewicz , Anna Bonaldi , Francois Bouchet , Francois Boulanger , Jan Brand , Martin Bucher , Carlo Burigana , Zhen-Yi Cai , Viviana Casasola , Guillaume Castex , Anthony Challinor , Jens Chluba , Sergio Colafrancesco , Francesco Cuttaia , Giuseppe D'Alessandro , Richard Davis , Miguel de Avillez , Paolo de Bernardis , Marco de Petris , Adriano de Rosa , Gianfranco de Zotti , Jacques Delabrouille , Clive Dickinson , Jose Maria Diego , Edith Falgarone , Pedro Ferreira , Katia Ferriere , Fabio Finelli , Andrew Fletcher , Gary Fuller , Silvia Galli , Ken Ganga , Juan Garcia-Bellido , Adnan Ghribi , Joaquin Gonzalez-Nuevo , Keith Grainge , Alessandro Gruppuso , Alex Hall , Carlos Hernandez-Monteagudo , Mark Jackson , Andrew Jaffe , Rishi Khatri , Luca Lamagna , Massimiliano Lattanzi , Paddy Leahy , Michele Liguori , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Marcos Lopez-Caniego , Juan Macias-Perez , Bruno Maffei , Davide Maino , Silvia Masi , Anna Mangilli , Marcella Massardi , Sabino Matarrese , Alessandro Melchiorri , Jean-Baptiste Melin , Aniello Mennella , Arturo Mignano , Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschenes , Federico Nati , Paolo Natoli , Mattia Negrello , Fabio Noviello , Francesco Paci , Rosita Paladino , Daniela Paoletti , Francesca Perrotta , Francesco Piacentini , Michel Piat , Lucio Piccirillo , Giampaolo Pisano , Gianluca Polenta , Sara Ricciardi , Matthieu Roman , Jose-Alberto Rubino-Martin , Maria Salatino , Alessandro Schillaci , Paul Shellard , Joseph Silk , Radek Stompor , Rashid Sunyaev , Andrea Tartari , Luca Terenzi , Luigi Toffolatti , Maurizio Tomasi , Tiziana Trombetti , Marco Tucci , Bartjan Van Tent , Licia Verde , Ben Wandelt , Stafford Withington

Automating experimental protocol design and execution remains as a fundamental bottleneck in realizing self-driving laboratories. We introduce PRISM (Protocol Refinement through Intelligent Simulation Modeling), a framework that automates…

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