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Related papers: Random Knockout Tournaments

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Given a mapping from a set of players to the leaves of a complete binary tree (called a seeding), a knockout tournament is conducted as follows: every round, every two players with a common parent compete against each other, and the winner…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Juhi Chaudhary , Hendrik Molter , Meirav Zehavi

We study statistics of the knockout tournament, where only the winner of a fixture progresses to the next. We assign a real number called competitiveness to each contestant and find that the resulting distribution of prize money follows a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-01-09 Seung Ki Baek , Il Gu Yi , Hye Jin Park , Beom Jun Kim

A knockout tournament is one of the most simple and popular forms of competition. Here, we are given a binary tournament tree where all leaves are labeled with seed position names. The players participating in the tournament are assigned to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Klim Efremenko , Hendrik Molter , Meirav Zehavi

A set of $2^n$ candidates is presented to a commission. At every round, each member of this commission votes by pairwise comparison, and one-half of the candidates is deleted from the tournament, the remaining ones proceeding to the next…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Bernard De Baets , Emilio De Santis

Knockout tournaments, also known as single-elimination or cup tournaments, are a popular form of sports competitions. In the standard probabilistic setting, for each pairing of players, one of the players wins the game with a certain (a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Juhi Chaudhary , Hendrik Molter , Meirav Zehavi

Knockout tournaments constitute a popular format for organizing sports competitions. While prior results have shown that it is often possible to manipulate a knockout tournament by fixing the bracket, these results ignore the prevalent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Pasin Manurangsi , Warut Suksompong

We consider the manipulability of tournament rules for round-robin tournaments of $n$ competitors. Specifically, $n$ competitors are competing for a prize, and a tournament rule $r$ maps the result of all $\binom{n}{2}$ pairwise matches…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-01 Jon Schneider , Ariel Schvartzman , S. Matthew Weinberg

We consider a game with two players, consisting of a number of rounds, where the first player to win $n$ rounds becomes the overall winner. Who wins each individual round is governed by a certain urn having two types of balls (type 1 and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Stanislav Volkov , Magnus Wiktorsson

A tournament organizer must select one of $n$ possible teams as the winner of a competition after observing all $\binom{n}{2}$ matches between them. The organizer would like to find a tournament rule that simultaneously satisfies the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-26 David Mikšaník , Ariel Schvartzman , Jan Soukup

We consider a general class of round-robin tournament models of equally strong players. In these models, each of the $n$ players competes against every other player exactly once. For each match between two players, the outcome is a value…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Yaakov Malinovsky

In a classical chess round-robin tournament, each of $n$ players wins, draws, or loses a game against each of the other $n-1$ players. A win rewards a player with 1 points, a draw with 1/2 point, and a loss with 0 points. We are interested…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-28 Yaakov Malinovsky

We propose a new tournament structure that combines the popular knockout tournaments and the round-robin tournaments. As opposed to the extremes of divisive elimination and no elimination, our tournament aims to eliminate the participants…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Kaan Gokcesu , Hakan Gokcesu

Balanced knockout tournaments are ubiquitous in sports competitions and are also used in decision-making and elections. The traditional computational question, that asks to compute a draw (optimal draw) that maximizes the winning…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-19 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen , Josef Tkadlec

The game of Knockout is a classic playground game played with two basketballs. This paper uses a Markov process to analyze each player's probability of winning the game given their starting position in line and shooting percentages,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-23 Andrew Flatz , Michael C. Loper , Lezlie Weyer

We consider a general round-robin tournament model with equally strong players in which $X_{ij}$ denotes the score of player $i$ against player $j$. We assume that $X_{ij}$ takes values in a countable subset of $[0,1]$ and satisfies…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Yaakov Malinovsky

We consider the manipulability of tournament rules which map the results of $\binom{n}{2}$ pairwise matches and select a winner. Prior work designs simple tournament rules such that no pair of teams can manipulate the outcome of their match…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Kimberly Ding , S. Matthew Weinberg

We study the effects of randomness on competitions based on an elementary random process in which there is a finite probability that a weaker team upsets a stronger team. We apply this model to sports leagues and sports tournaments, and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-04-02 E. Ben-Naim , N. W. Hengartner , S. Redner , F. Vazquez

We consider the manipulability of tournament rules, in which $n$ teams play a round robin tournament and a winner is (possibly randomly) selected based on the outcome of all $\binom{n}{2}$ matches. Prior work defines a tournament rule to be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Ariel Schvartzman , S. Matthew Weinberg , Eitan Zlatin , Albert Zuo

An {\it inversion} of a tournament $T$ is obtained by reversing the direction of all edges with both endpoints in some set of vertices. Let ${\rm inv}_k(T)$ be the minimum length of a sequence of inversions using sets of size at most $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Raphael Yuster

Challenge the Champ is a simple tournament format, where an ordering of the players -- called a seeding -- is decided. The first player in this order is the initial champ, and faces the next player. The outcome of each match decides the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Umang Bhaskar , Juhi Chaudhary , Sushmita Gupta , Pallavi Jain , Sanjay Seetharaman
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