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A new definition for the Riemann zeta function for all positive integer number s > 1 is presented. We discover a most elegant expression and easy method for calculating the Riemann zeta function for small even integer values. Through this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-01-06 Michael A. Idowu

We study the connection between the Mersenne numbers $M(n) = 2^n-1$ and the dynamics of the angle-doubling map. Within this framework, we develop an algorithm to compute divisors of Mersenne numbers without explicitly evaluating $M(n)$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Lluís Alsedà , Antonio Garijo , Xavier Jarque

An algorithm is devised for computing $\Phi(n) = \phi(1) + \phi(2) + \cdots + \phi(n)$ in time $\widetilde{\Theta}(n^{2/3})$ and space $\widetilde{\Theta}(n^{1/3})$. The starting point is an existing algorithm based on the Dirichlet…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Lucas Augustus Brown

In this paper we explore a class of equivalence relations over $\N^\ast$ from which is constructed a sequence of symetric matrices related to the Mertens function. From numerical experimentations we suggest a conjecture, about the growth of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-01 Jean-Paul Cardinal

In this article we derive some polynomial inequalities for Mertens functions.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-11 R. Balasubramanian , S. Ponnusamy , K. -J. Wirths

We find a nontrivial upper bound on the average value of the function M(n) which associates to every positive integer n the minimal Hamming weight of a multiple of n. Some new results about the equation M(n)=M(n') are given.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Eugen J. Ionascu , Florian Luca , Thomas Merino

Let $d_{\alpha, \beta}(n)=\sum\limits_{\substack{n=kl \alpha l<k\leq\beta l}}1$ be the number of ways of factoring n into two almost equal integers. For rational numbers $0<\alpha <\beta $, we consider the following Zeta function…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-01-01 Kui Liu

In 1874, Mertens famously proved an asymptotic formula for the product $p/(p-1)$ over all primes $p$ up to $x$. On the other hand, one may expand Mertens' prime product into series over numbers $n$ with only small prime factors. It is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Jared Duker Lichtman

We study three questions related to Machin's type formulas. The first one gives all two terms Machin formulas where both arctangent functions are evaluated $2$-integers, that is values of the form $b/2^a$ for some integers $a$ and~$b$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Armengol Gasull , Florian Luca , Juan L. Varona

We consider methods for finding high-precision approximations to simple zeros of smooth functions. As an application, we give fast methods for evaluating the elementary functions log(x), exp(x), sin(x) etc. to high precision. For example,…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2010-06-01 Richard P. Brent

We present an explicit formula for a weighted sum over the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. This weighted sum is evaluated in terms of a sum over the prime numbers, weighted with help of the Hermite polynomials. From the explicit formula…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-04 Eugenio P Balanzario , Daniel Eduardo Cardenas Romero

We consider the set $\mathcal M_n\left(\mathbb Z; H\right)$ of $n\times n$-matrices with integer elements of size at most $H$ and obtain and asymptotic formula on the number of matrices from $\mathcal M_n\left(\mathbb Z; H\right)$ with…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Alina Ostafe , Igor E. Shparlinski

Numerical study of the distribution of the Riemann zeros differences following the work [1] shows the significance of the function for which the prime sum expression is proposed. Computational results related to this definition explored…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-06 Yuri Bachilov

We present a self-contained elementary and detailed exposition of Mertens' own proof of his theorem on the divergence of the series of the reciprocals of the primes and compare it with the modern proofs. His proof contains explicit…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark B. Villarino

For positive integers m and n, denote S(m,n) as the associated Stirling number of the second kind and let z be a complex variable. In this paper, we introduce the Stirling functions S(m,n,z) which satisfy S(m,n,z) = S(m,n) for any z which…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-03 Matthew A Williams

We generalize Menon's identity by considering sums representing arithmetical functions of several variables. As an application, we give a formula for the number of cyclic subgroups of the direct product of several cyclic groups of arbitrary…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-09-21 László Tóth

We consider a joint ordered multifactorisation for a given positive integer $n\geq 2$ into $m$ parts, where $n=n_1~\times~\ldots~\times~n_m$, and each part $n_j$ is split into one or more component factors. Our central result gives an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-20 Ambrose D. Law , Matthew C. Lettington , Karl Michael Schmidt

An analysis of the zeta and gamma function is presented, using elementary functions like [] and {}, a general formula for the angle of zeta(1/2 + i*n) is found and the same for the gamma function.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-30 Simon Plouffe

We construct closed forms that generate with repetitions all Mersenne primes, respectively all Fermat primes, all twin-prime pairs and all Sophie Germain primes. Also, we construct closed forms that count all Mersenne primes between $0$ and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Mihai Prunescu

The Motzkin numbers $M_n=\sum_{k=0}^n\binom n{2k}\binom{2k}k/(k+1)$ $(n=0,1,2,\ldots)$ and the central trinomial coefficients $T_n$ ($n=0,1,2,\ldots)$ given by the constant term of $(1+x+x^{-1})^n$, have many combinatorial interpretations.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-02 Zhi-Wei Sun