Related papers: Sprague-Grundy theory in bounded arithmetic

The methods used to establish PSPACE-bounds for modal logics can roughly be grouped into two classes: syntax driven methods establish that exhaustive proof search can be performed in polynomial space whereas semantic approaches directly…

We study the combinatorial two-player game Tron. We answer the extremal question on general graphs and also consider smaller graph classes. Bodlaender and Kloks conjectured in [2] PSPACE- completeness. We proof this conjecture.

The Game of Cycles is a combinatorial game introduced by Francis Su in 2020 in which players take turns marking arrows on the edges of a simple plane graph, avoiding the creation of sinks and sources and seeking to complete a "cycle cell."…

We introduce a new variant of the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture designed to tackle coarsely disconnected metric spaces called the boundary coarse Baum-Connes conjecture. We prove this conjecture for many coarsely disconnected spaces that…

In this article we present an algorithm to compute bounds on the marginals of a graphical model. For several small clusters of nodes upper and lower bounds on the marginal values are computed independently of the rest of the network. The…

This work considers new entropy-based proofs of some known, or otherwise refined, combinatorial bounds for bipartite graphs. These include upper bounds on the number of the independent sets, lower bounds on the minimal number of colors in…

As is well known, Buss' theory of bounded arithmetic $S^{1}_{2}$ proves $\Sigma_{0}^{b}(\Sigma_{1}^{b})-LIND$; however, we show that Allen's $D_{2}^{1}$ does not prove $\Sigma_{0}^{b}(\Sigma_{1}^{b})-LLIND$ unless $P = NC$. We also give…

Game-theoretic probability uses the structure of gambles to define a concept like probability, but which is more flexible and robust. We show that results in game-theoretic probability can be thought of as minimax theorems for specific…

The main result of this paper is that computing the value of a one-clock priced timed game (OCPTG) is PSPACE-hard. Along the way, we provide a family of OCPTGs that have an exponential number of event points. Both results hold even in very…

We present several known formalizations of theorems from computational complexity in bounded arithmetic and formalize the PCP theorem in the theory PV1 (no formalization of this theorem was known). This includes a formalization of the…

We present a PSPACE algorithm that decides satisfiability of the graded modal logic Gr(K_R)---a natural extension of propositional modal logic K_R by counting expressions---which plays an important role in the area of knowledge…

We introduce system S^2_0E, a bounded arithmetic corresponding to Buss's S^2_0 with the predicate E which signifies the existence of the value. Then, we show that we can \Sigma^b_2-define truthness of S^2_0 E and therefore we can prove…

The preference graph is a combinatorial representation of the structure of a normal-form game. Its nodes are the strategy profiles, with an arc between profiles if they differ in the strategy of a single player, where the orientation…

The geodetic closure of a set S of vertices of a graph is the set of all vertices in shortest paths between pairs of vertices of S. A set S of vertices in a graph is geodetic if its geodetic closure contains all the vertices of the graph.…

The exact complexity of solving parity games is a major open problem. Several authors have searched for efficient algorithms over specific classes of graphs. In particular, Obdr\v{z}\'{a}lek showed that for graphs of bounded tree-width or…

A Subtraction-Division game is a two player combinatorial game with three parameters: a set S, a set D, and a number n. The game starts at n, and is a race to say the number 1. Each player, on their turn, can either move the total to n-s…

Given an unbalanced open quantum graph, we derive a formula relating sums over its scattering resonances with integrals outside a strip. We deduce lower bounds on the number of resonances (in bounded regions of the complex plane),that are…

Game comonads offer a categorical view of a number of model-comparison games central to model theory, such as pebble and Ehrenfeucht-Fra\"iss\'e games. Remarkably, the categories of coalgebras for these comonads capture preservation of…

The crossword-like patterns of tiles in Scrabble form connected graphs of occupied sites on a square lattice. We find the most structureless description that reproduces means and covariances observed in real Scrabble games by adapting a…

We show that a cooperative game may be decomposed into a sum of component games, one for each player, using the combinatorial Hodge decomposition on a graph. This decomposition is shown to satisfy certain efficiency, null-player, symmetry,…