Related papers: An elementary inductive proof that $AB=I$ implies …
Given two elements $a$ and $b$ of a noncommutative ring, we express $\left( ba\right)^n$ as a "row vector times matrix times column vector" product, where the matrix is the $n$-th power of a matrix with entries…
In this paper, we present sufficient conditions to guarantee the invertibility of rational circulant matrices with any given size. These sufficient conditions consist of linear combinations of the entries in the first row with integer…
We extend the notion of exact completion on a weakly lex category to elementary doctrines. We show how any such doctrine admits an elementary quotient completion, which freely adds effective quotients and extensional equality. We note that…
We give canonical matrices of a pair (A,B) consisting of a nondegenerate form B and a linear operator A satisfying B(Ax,Ay)=B(x,y) on a vector space over F in the following cases: (i) F is an algebraically closed field of characteristic…
Suppose we wish to embed an (associative) $k$-algebra $A$ in a $k$-algebra $R$ generated in some specified way; e.g., by two elements, or by copies of given $k$-algebras $A_1,$ $A_2,$ $A_3.$ Several authors have obtained sufficient…
In 1927, E. Artin conjectured that all non-square integers $a\neq -1$ are a primitive root of $\mathbb{F}_p$ for infinitely many primes $p$. In 1967, Hooley showed that this conjecture follows from the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH).…
Zero factorial, defined to be one, is often counterintuitive to students but nonetheless an interesting concept to convey in a classroom environment. The challenge is to delineate the concept in a simple and effective way through the…
Let $\mathbb{K}$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and $\mathbb{K}[x,y]$ the polynomial ring. The group $\text{SL}_{2}\left(\mathbb{K}[x,y]\right)$ of all matrices with determinant equal to $1$ over $\mathbb{K}[x,y]$…
We give an elementary probabilistic proof of a binomial identity. The proof is obtained by computing the probability of a certain event in two different ways, yielding two different expressions for the same quantity.
A nonstandard application of bivariate polynomial interpolation is discussed: the implicitization of a rational algebraic curve given by its parametric equations. Three different approaches using the same interpolation space are considered,…
The coprimary filtration is a basic construction in commutative algebra. In this article, we prove the existence and uniqueness of coprimary filtration of modules (not necessarily finitely generated) over a Noetherian ring. Moreover, we…
The purpose of this note is to find an elemenary explanation of a surprising result of Ein--Lazarsfeld--Smith \cite{ELS} and Hochster--Huneke \cite{HH} on the containment between symbolic and ordinary powers of ideals in simple cases. This…
Let K be a number field, let f(x) in K(x) be a rational function of degree d> 1, and let z in K be a wandering point such that f^n(z) is nonzero for all n > 0. We prove that if the abc-conjecture holds for K, then for all but finitely many…
This is the second installment of an exposition of an ACL2 formalization of elementary linear algebra. It extends the results of Part I, which covers the algebra of matrices over a commutative ring, but focuses on aspects of the theory that…
We study Basic Arithmetic, BA introduced by W. Ruitenburg. BA is an arithmetical theory based on basic logic which is weaker than intuitionistic logic. We show that the class of the provably total recursive functions of BA is a proper…
We give an elementary proof of a Caratheodory-type result on the invertibility of a sum of matrices, due first to Facchini and Barioli. The proof yields a polynomial identity, expressing the determinant of a large sum of matrices in terms…
Let $R$ be a commutative unital ring. A well-known factorization problem is whether any matrix in $\mathrm{SL}_n(R)$ is a product of elementary matrices with entries in $R$. To solve the problem, we use two approaches based on the notion of…
Proofs of the fundamental theorem of algebra can be divided up into three groups according to the techniques involved: proofs that rely on real or complex analysis, algebraic proofs, and topological proofs. Algebraic proofs make use of the…
In this short paper, we study some trace inequalities of the products of the matrices and the power of matrices by the use of elementary calculations.
This is a non-standard exposition of the main notions of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory including some recent results. It is based on the algebraic approach where the starting point is a star-algebra and on the geometric…