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Inspired by Pansiot's work on substitutions, we prove a similar theorem for automorphisms of a free group F of finite rank: if a right-infinite word X represents an attracting fixed point of an automorphism of F, the subword complexity of X…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-04 Arnaud Hilion , Gilbert Levitt

We prove that a uniformly random automaton with $n$ states on a 2-letter alphabet has a synchronizing word of length $O(n^{1/2}\log n)$ with high probability (w.h.p.). That is to say, w.h.p. there exists a word $\omega$ of such length, and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Guillaume Chapuy , Guillem Perarnau

In this paper, we study the tradeoff between the approximation guarantee and adaptivity for the problem of maximizing a monotone submodular function subject to a cardinality constraint. The adaptivity of an algorithm is the number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Alina Ene , Huy L. Nguyen

The cornerstone of any algorithm computing all repetitions in a string of length n in O(n) time is the fact that the number of runs (or maximal repetitions) is O(n). We give a simple proof of this result. As a consequence of our approach,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-02-21 Maxime Crochemore , Lucian Ilie

Peter Gacs showed (Gacs 1974) that for every n there exists a bit string x of length n whose plain complexity C(x) has almost maximal conditional complexity relative to x, i.e., C(C(x)|x) > log n - log^(2) n - O(1). (Here log^(2) i = log…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-05-06 Bruno Bauwens , Alexander Shen

An orientable sequence of order $n$ is a cyclic binary sequence such that each length-$n$ substring appears at most once \emph{in either direction}. Maximal length orientable sequences are known only for $n\leq 7$, and a trivial upper bound…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Daniel Gabric , Joe Sawada

We obtain a complete classification of complex-valued sequences which are both multiplicative and automatic.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Jakub Konieczny , Mariusz Lemańczyk , Clemens Müllner

We construct automata with input(s) in base $k$ recognizing some basic relations and study their number of states. We also consider some basic operations on $k$-automatic sequences $(h(i))_{i \geq 0}$ and discuss their state complexity. We…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Delaram Moradi , Narad Rampersad , Jeffrey Shallit

We relate two measures of complexity of regular languages. The first is syntactic complexity, that is, the cardinality of the syntactic semigroup of the language. That semigroup is isomorphic to the semigroup of transformations of states…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-24 Janusz Brzozowski , Gareth Davies

Infinite words, also known as streams, hold significant interest in computer science and mathematics, raising the natural question of how their complexity should be measured. We introduce cellular automaton reducibility as a measure of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Markel Zubia , Herman Geuvers

Automatic sequences are not suitable sequences for cryptographic applications since both their subword complexity and their expansion complexity are small, and their correlation measure of order 2 is large. These sequences are highly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Damien Jamet , Pierre Popoli , Thomas Stoll

For a finite alphabet $\mathcal{A}$ and a sequence $x \in \mathcal{A}^{\mathbb{N}}$, Kamae and Zamboni defined the maximal pattern complexity function $p^*_x(n)$ as a natural generalization of usual word complexity. They defined a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-08-20 Anh N. Le , Ronnie Pavlov , Casey Schlortt

Binary periodic sequences with good autocorrelation property have many applications in many aspects of communication. In past decades many series of such binary sequences have been constructed. In the application of cryptography, such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Qiuyue Liu , Shiyuan Qiang , Minghui Yang , Keqin Feng

Described are two algorithms to find long approximate palindromes in a string, for example a DNA sequence. A simple algorithm requires O(n)-space and almost always runs in $O(k.n)$-time where n is the length of the string and k is the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 L. Allison

Binary $m$-sequences are ones with the largest period $n=2^m-1$ among the binary sequences produced by linear shift registers with length $m$. They have a wide range of applications in communication since they have several desirable…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Xiaoyan Jing , Aixian Zhang , Keqin Feng

For a finite alphabet $\mathcal{A}$ and shift $X\subseteq\mathcal{A}^{\mathbb{Z}}$ whose factor complexity function grows at most linearly, we study the algebraic properties of the automorphism group ${\rm Aut}(X)$. For such systems, we…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-11-04 Van Cyr , Bryna Kra

The state complexity, respectively, nondeterministic state complexity of a regular language $L$ is the number of states of the minimal deterministic, respectively, of a minimal nondeterministic finite automaton for $L$. Some of the most…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Arto Salomaa , Kai Salomaa , Taylor J. Smith

The \v{C}ern\'y conjecture states that every $n$-state synchronizing automaton has a reset word of length at most $(n-1)^2$. We study the hardness of finding short reset words. It is known that the exact version of the problem, i.e.,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-10 Pawel Gawrychowski , Damian Straszak

Let U(N) denote the maximal length of arithmetic progressions in a random uniform subset of {0,1}^N. By an application of the Chen-Stein method, we show that U(N)- 2 log(N)/log(2) converges in law to an extreme type (asymmetric)…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-05-22 Itai Benjamini , Ariel Yadin , Ofer Zeitouni

The symbolic complexity of an infinite word $W$ is the function $p_W(l)$ counting the number of different subwords in $W$ of length $l$. In this paper our main purpose is to study the complexity for a class of topological dynamical systems,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-01-30 A. A. Prikhod'ko