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Fraud is a prevalent offence that extends beyond financial loss, causing psychological and physical harm to victims. The advancements in online communication technologies alowed for online fraud to thrive in this vast network, with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Antonis Papasavva , Shane Johnson , Ed Lowther , Samantha Lundrigan , Enrico Mariconti , Anna Markovska , Nilufer Tuptuk

Mobile messaging scams--fraudulent messages delivered over SMS and other mobile applications--have become a persistent and evolving security threat, yet the attributes underlying these campaigns remain unclear. This study seeks to address…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Allison Lu , Bernardo B. P. Medeiros , Kevin R. B. Butler , Patrick Traynor

Romance-baiting scams have become a major source of financial and emotional harm worldwide. These operations are run by organized crime syndicates that traffic thousands of people into forced labor, requiring them to build emotional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Gilad Gressel , Rahul Pankajakshan , Shir Rozenfeld , Ling Li , Ivan Franceschini , Krishnashree Achuthan , Yisroel Mirsky

Longer-running scams, such as romance fraud and "pig-butchering" scams, exploit not only victims' emotions but also the design of digital platforms. Scammers commonly leverage features such as professional-looking profile verification,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Jingjia Xiao , Qing Xiao , Hong Shen

Spam messes up users inbox, consumes resources and spread attacks like DDoS, MiM, Phishing etc., Phishing is a byproduct of email and causes financial loss to users and loss of reputation to financial institutions. In this paper we study…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Cynthia Dhinakaran , Jae Kwang lee , Dhinaharan Nagamalai

In today's world of computers, any kind of information can be made available within few clicks for different endeavors. The information may be tampered by changing the statistical properties and can be further used for criminal activities.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Nikita Rana , Gunjan Sansanwal , Kiran Khatter , Sukhdev Singh

Deception boosts security for systems and components by denial, deceit, misinformation, camouflage and obfuscation. In this work an extensive overview of the deception technology environment is presented. Taxonomies, theoretical…

There are plenty of security software in market; each claiming the best, still we daily face problem of viruses and other malicious activities. If we know the basic working principal of such malware then we can very easily prevent most of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-01-20 Mosin Hasan , Nilesh Prajapati , Safvan Vohara

Romance fraud involves cybercriminals engineering a romantic relationship on online dating platforms. It is a cruel form of cybercrime whereby victims are left heartbroken, often facing financial ruin. We characterise the literary landscape…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Alexander Bilz , Lynsay A. Shepherd , Graham I. Johnson

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly gaining popularity as individuals, groups, and organizations discover and apply its expanding capabilities. Generative AI creates or alters various content types including text, image, audio, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-30 LD Herrera , London Van Sickle , Ashley Podhradsky

In this work, we are focusing on a new and yet uncovered way for malicious apps to gain profit. They claim to be dating apps. However, their sole purpose is to lure users into purchasing premium/VIP services to start conversations with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-07-16 Yangyu Hu , Haoyu Wang , Yajin Zhou , Yao Guo , Li Li , Bingxuan Luo , Fangren Xu

Technical support problems are often long and complex. They typically contain user descriptions of the problem, the setup, and steps for attempted resolution. Often they also contain various non-natural language text elements like outputs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Kushal Chauhan , Abhirut Gupta

Pig butchering, and similar interactive online scams, lower their victims' defenses by building trust over extended periods of conversation - sometimes weeks or months. They have become increasingly public losses (at least $75B by one…

Romance scams (RS) inflict financial and emotional damage by defrauding victims under the guise of meaningful relationships. This research study examines RS trends in the U.S. through a quantitative analysis of web searches, news articles,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-04 LD Herrera , John Hastings

Telecom companies are severely damaged by bypass fraud or SIM boxing. However, there is a shortage of published research to tackle this problem. The traditional method of Test Call Generating is easily overcome by fraudsters and the need…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Ibrahim Ighneiwa , Hussamedin Mohamed

As the indispensable trading platforms of the ecosystem, hundreds of cryptocurrency exchanges are emerging to facilitate the trading of digital assets. While, it also attracts the attentions of attackers. A number of scam attacks were…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Pengcheng Xia , Bowen Zhang , Ru Ji , Bingyu Gao , Lei Wu , Xiapu Luo , Haoyu Wang , Guoai Xu

Job-based smishing scams, where victims are recruited under the guise of remote job opportunities, represent a rapidly growing and understudied threat within the broader landscape of online fraud. In this paper, we present Anansi, the first…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Abisheka Pitumpe , Amir Rahmati

Safety-critical software systems are those whose failure or malfunction could result in casualty and/or serious financial loss. In such systems, safety assurance cases (SACs) are an emerging approach that adopts a proactive strategy to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-03-23 Jinghui Cheng , Micayla Goodrum , Ronald Metoyer , Jane Cleland-Huang

Scams -- fraudulent schemes designed to swindle money from victims -- have existed for as long as recorded history. However, the Internet's combination of low communication cost, global reach, and functional anonymity has allowed scam…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Enze Liu , George Kappos , Eric Mugnier , Luca Invernizzi , Stefan Savage , David Tao , Kurt Thomas , Geoffrey M. Voelker , Sarah Meiklejohn

This articles surveys the existing literature on the methods currently used by web services to track the user online as well as their purposes, implications, and possible user's defenses. A significant majority of reviewed articles and web…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-07-29 Tomasz Bujlow , Valentín Carela-Español , Josep Solé-Pareta , Pere Barlet-Ros