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The log transformation is widely used in linear regression, mainly because coefficients are interpretable as proportional effects. Yet this practice has fundamental limitations, most notably that the log is undefined at zero, creating an…

For estimating the large covariance matrix with a limited sample size, we propose the covariance model with general linear structure (CMGL) by employing the general link function to connect the covariance of the continuous response vector…

We consider partly linear transformation models applied to current status data. The unknown quantities are the transformation function, a linear regression parameter and a nonparametric regression effect. It is shown that the penalized MLE…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can convincingly simulate personas in explicit self-reports, they often deviate in implicit behavioral decisions, revealing a substantial Knowledge-Decision Gap ($G_{\text{KD}}$). Existing benchmarks…

The classical-quantum transfer learning (CQTL) method is introduced to address the challenge of training large-scale, high-resolution image data on a limited number of qubits (ranging from tens to hundreds) in the current Noisy…

A central question in evolutionary biology is how to quantitatively understand the dynamics of genetically diverse populations. Modeling the genotype distribution is challenging, as it ultimately requires tracking all correlations (or…

Implicit sentiment analysis (ISA) presents significant challenges due to the absence of salient cue words. Previous methods have struggled with insufficient data and limited reasoning capabilities to infer underlying opinions. Integrating…

Network diffusion models are applicable to many socioeconomic interactions, yet network interaction is hard to observe or measure. Whenever the diffusion process is unobserved, the number of possible realizations of the latent matrix that…

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) poses a significant challenge in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). While mainstream MRC methods predominantly leverage extractive strategies using encoder-only models such as BERT,…

Quantified CTL (QCTL) is a well-studied temporal logic that extends CTL with quantification over atomic propositions. It has recently come to the fore as a powerful intermediary framework to study logics for strategic reasoning. We extend…

Power and sample size calculations for Wald tests in generalized linear models (GLMs) are often limited to specific cases like logistic regression. More general methods typically require detailed study parameters that are difficult to…

Recent Quality Estimation (QE) models based on multilingual pre-trained representations have achieved very competitive results when predicting the overall quality of translated sentences. Predicting translation errors, i.e. detecting…

Conditional quantile treatment effect (CQTE) can provide insight into the effect of a treatment beyond the conditional average treatment effect (CATE). This ability to provide information over multiple quantiles of the response makes CQTE…

Test-time scaling has enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle complex reasoning, yet the limitations of current Chain-of-Thought (CoT) evaluation obscures whether performance gains stem from genuine reasoning or mere verbosity. To…

Recent advances in model-free deep reinforcement learning (DRL) show that simple model-free methods can be highly effective in challenging high-dimensional continuous control tasks. In particular, Truncated Quantile Critics (TQC) achieves…

We consider the problem of automatically inferring specifications in the branching-time logic, Computation Tree Logic (CTL), from a given system. Designing functional and usable specifications has always been one of the biggest challenges…

Unlike the commonly used parametric regression models such as mixed models, that can easily violate the required statistical assumptions and result in invalid statistical inference, target maximum likelihood estimation allows more realistic…

Quantified CTL (QCTL) extends the temporal logic CTL with quantifications over atomic propositions. This extension is known to be very expressive: QCTL allows us to express complex properties over Kripke structures (it is as expressive as…

Off-policy learning and evaluation leverage logged bandit feedback datasets, which contain context, action, propensity score, and feedback for each data point. These scenarios face significant challenges due to high variance and poor…

The conditional average treatment effect (CATE) is the best measure of individual causal effects given baseline covariates. However, the CATE only captures the (conditional) average, and can overlook risks and tail events, which are…