Related papers: Alternator Coins
Cryptocurrencies offer an alternative to traditional methods of electronic value exchange, promising anonymous, cash-like electronic transfers, but in practice they fall short for several key reasons. We consider the false choice between…
Usual quantum mechanics predicts probabilities for the outcomes of measurements carried out at definite moments of time. However, realistic measurements do not take place in an instant, but are extended over a period of time. The assumption…
A popular variant of the collector's problem is the following: Assume there are $N$ different types of coupons with equal occurring probabilities. There is one main collector who collects coupons. When she gets a "double," she gives it to…
The proposed framework introduces a novel multidimensional representation of money using tensor analysis, enabling a more granular examination of economic interactions and capital flow. By treating money as a multidimensional entity, this…
Recurrent neural networks have achieved excellent performance in many applications. However, on portable devices with limited resources, the models are often too large to deploy. For applications on the server with large scale concurrent…
The value of an asset in a financial market is given in terms of another asset known as numeraire. The dynamics of the value is non-stationary and hence, to quantify the relationships between different assets, one requires convenient…
Quantum random walks have been much studied recently, largely due to their highly nonclassical behavior. In this paper, we study one possible route to classical behavior for the discrete quantum random walk on the line: the use of multiple…
The largest ensemble of qubits which satisfy the general transformation of equal superposition is obtained by different methods, namely, linearity, no-superluminal signalling and non-increase of entanglement under LOCC. We also consider the…
We discuss a new method to search for a new very weakly interacting light boson with extremely precise atomic spectroscopy, namely, the atomic clock. The contribution of the new physics may appear as the violation of a linear relation of…
We investigate weak coin flipping, a fundamental cryptographic primitive where two distrustful parties need to remotely establish a shared random bit. A cheating player can try to bias the output bit towards a preferred value. For weak coin…
We propose a new idea for public key quantum money. In the abstract sense, our bills are encoded as a joint eigenstate of a fixed system of commuting unitary operators. We perform some basic analysis of this black box system and show that…
The aim of this work is to enumerate alternating sign matrices (ASM) that are quasi-invariant under a quarter-turn. The enumeration formula (conjectured by Duchon) involves, as a product of three terms, the number of unrestricted ASM's and…
Quantum annealing is a generic algorithm using quantum-mechanical fluctuations to search for the solution of an optimization problem. The present paper first reviews the fundamentals of quantum annealing and then reports on preliminary…
We propose a simple model in which dark matter particle exchanges mediate a new quantum force between muons and nucleons, resolving the proton charge radius puzzle. At the same time, the discrepancy between the measured anomalous magnetic…
A coin is just a two sided dice. Recently, Mochon proved that quantum weak coin flipping with an arbitrarily small bias is possible. However, the use of quantum resources to allow N remote distrustful parties to roll an N-sided dice has yet…
Coin flipping is a cryptographic primitive in which two spatially separated players, who in principle do not trust each other, wish to establish a common random bit. If we limit ourselves to classical communication, this task requires…
This article is a gentle introduction to the mathematical area known as circle packing, the study of the kinds of patterns that can be formed by configurations of non-overlapping circles. The first half of the article is an exposition of…
This work develops a nonlinear analogue of alternating projections on Hilbert space, based on iterating a weighted residual transformation that removes the portion of an operator detected by a projection after conjugation by its square…
A very simple system like a parallel-plate capacitor reveals striking features when we examine the peculiar phenomena appearing when it is moving at low speed in different directions. Both hidden momentum and hidden energy appear and their…
We propose, experimentally realize and study possible applications of a new type of logic element: random flip-flop. By definition it operates similarly to a conventional flip-flop except that it functions with probability of 1/2 otherwise…