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Given a graph $H$, a balanced subdivision of $H$ is obtained by replacing all edges of $H$ with internally disjoint paths of the same length. In this paper, we prove that for any graph $H$, a linear-in-$e(H)$ bound on average degree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-17 Jaehoon Kim , Hong Liu , Yantao Tang , Guanghui Wang , Donglei Yang , Fan Yang

The Multicut problem asks for a minimum cut separating certain pairs of vertices: formally, given a graph $G$ and demand graph $H$ on a set $T\subseteq V(G)$ of terminals, the task is to find a minimum-weight set $C$ of edges of $G$ such…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Jacob Focke , Florian Hörsch , Shaohua Li , Dániel Marx

Few-weight codes have been constructed and studied for many years, since their fascinating relations to finite geometries, strongly regular graphs and Boolean functions. Simplex codes are one-weight Griesmer $[\frac{q^k-1}{q-1},k…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xu Pan , Hao Chen , Hongwei Liu , Shengwei Liu

Elek and Lippner (2010) showed that the convergence of a sequence of bounded-degree graphs implies the existence of a limit for the proportion of vertices covered by a maximum matching. We provide a characterization of the limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-04-12 Charles Bordenave , Marc Lelarge , Justin Salez

We prove new monogamy of entanglement bounds for two-local qudit Hamiltonians of rank-one projectors without one-local terms. In particular, we certify the maximum energy in terms of the maximum matching of the underlying interaction graph…

In this paper, we made an extension to the convergence analysis of the dynamics of two-layered bias-free networks with one $ReLU$ output. We took into consideration two popular regularization terms: the $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$ norm of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-21 Zhifeng Kong

Given a finite, simple, connected graph $G=(V,E)$ with $|V|=n$, we consider the associated graph Laplacian matrix $L = D - A$ with eigenvalues $0 = \lambda_1 < \lambda_2 \leq \dots \leq \lambda_n$. One can also consider the same graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Stefan Steinerberger , Rekha R. Thomas

Given an integer $k$, deciding whether a graph has a clique of size $k$ is an NP-complete problem. Wilf's inequality provides a spectral bound for the clique number of simple graphs. Wilf's inequality is stated as follows: $\frac{n}{n -…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Hareshkumar Jadav , Sreekara Madyastha , Rahul Raut , Ranveer Singh

Let $G$ be a drawing of a graph with $n$ vertices and $e>4n$ edges, in which no two adjacent edges cross and any pair of independent edges cross at most once. According to the celebrated Crossing Lemma of Ajtai, Chv\'atal, Newborn,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-03 Janos Pach , Geza Toth

The Maximum Weight Independent Set problem is a fundamental NP-hard problem in combinatorial optimization with several real-world applications. Given an undirected vertex-weighted graph, the problem is to find a subset of the vertices with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Ernestine Großmann , Kenneth Langedal , Christian Schulz

Let ${\cal G}=(G,w)$ be a weighted simple finite connected graph, that is, let $G$ be a simple finite connected graph endowed with a function $w$ from the set of the edges of $G$ to the set of real numbers. For any subgraph $G'$ of $G$, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-18 Elena Rubei

Each graphon $W:\Omega^2\rightarrow[0,1]$ yields an inhomogeneous random graph model $G(n,W)$. We show that $G(n,W)$ is asymptotically almost surely connected if and only if (i) $W$ is a connected graphon and (ii) the measure of elements of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-21 Jan Hladký , Gopal Viswanathan

In this paper we consider a natural extremal graph theoretic problem of topological sort, concerning the minimization of the (topological) connectedness of the independence complex of graphs in terms of its dimension. We observe that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-21 Penny Haxell , Lothar Narins , Tibor Szabó

The hypergraph container lemma is a powerful tool in probabilistic combinatorics that has found many applications since it was first proved a decade ago. Roughly speaking, it asserts that the family of independent sets of every uniform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-20 Marcelo Campos , Wojciech Samotij

We construct a family of countexamples to a conjecture of Galvin [5], which stated that for any $n$-vertex, $d$-regular graph $G$ and any graph $H$ (possibly with loops), \[\hom(G,H) \leq \max\left\lbrace\hom(K_{d,d}, H)^{\frac{n}{2d}},…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-09 Luke Sernau

For a graph $H$, let $m(H,k)$ denote the number of vertices of degree $k$ in $H$. A conjecture of Alon and Wei states that for any $d\geq 3$, every $n$-vertex $d$-regular graph contains a spanning subgraph $H$ satisfying…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Jie Ma , Shengjie Xie

A graph $H$ is said to be positive if the homomorphism density $t_H(G)$ is non-negative for all weighted graphs $G$. The positive graph conjecture proposes a characterisation of such graphs, saying that a graph is positive if and only if it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-29 David Conlon , Joonkyung Lee , Leo Versteegen

Let $\beta>0$. Motivated by jumbled graphs defined by Thomason, the celebrated expander mixing lemma and Haemers's vertex separation inequality, we define that a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices is a weakly $(n,\beta)$-graph if $\frac{|X|…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Xiaofeng Gu , Muhuo Liu

Let $I$ be a homogeneous ideal in the polynomial ring $R = k[z_1, \cdots, z_n]$ , where $k$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. Macaulay's Theorem provides constraints on the Hilbert function of $I$ or $R/I$ from one…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-12-29 Yun Gao

The $k$-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman ($k$-WL) algorithm is a simple combinatorial algorithm that was originally designed as a graph isomorphism heuristic. It naturally finds applications in Babai's quasipolynomial time isomorphism…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Martin Grohe , Moritz Lichter , Daniel Neuen , Pascal Schweitzer