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Spin torque nano-oscillators are nanoscopic microwave frequency generators which excel due to their large frequency tuning range and agility for amplitude and frequency modulation. Due to their compactness, they are regarded as suitable…

Spin torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) hold encouraging promise for nanoscale microwave generators, modulators, and new types of intelligent computing. The nonlinearity, describing the current-induced tunability of oscillating frequency, is a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Zixi Wang , Wenlong Cai , Ao Du , Zanhong Chen , Lei Zhou , Shiyang Lu , Kewen Shi , Weisheng Zhao

In this paper the mutual phase locking theory of very nonidentical spin-torque nanooscillators, which is based on the Slavin-Tiberkevich model, considering the theory of nonlinear oscillations, is developed. Using generalized Adler equation…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2014-08-12 Ansar R. Safin , Nicolay N. Udalov , Mikhail V. Kapranov

We demonstrate a high-quality spin orbit torque nano-oscillator comprised of spin wave modes confined by the magnetic field by the strongly inhomogeneous dipole field of a nearby micromagnet. This approach enables variable spatial…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-12-28 Chi Zhang , Inhee Lee , Yong Pu , Sergei A. Manuilov , Denis V. Pelekhov , P. Chris Hammel

We propose a novel concept of obtaining oscillations with frequencies in very-high frequency (VHF) and ultra-high frequency (UHF) bands. A traditional spin torque nano-oscillator (STNO) consists of at least one pinned layer (PL) and one…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-06-05 Gaurav Gupta , Zhifeng Zhu , Gengchiau Liang

This paper reviews the state of the art in spin-torque and spin Hall effect driven nano-oscillators. After a brief introduction to the underlying physics, the authors discuss different implementations of these oscillators, their functional…

Mutual synchronization of N serially connected spintronic nano-oscillators increases their coherence by a factor $N$ and their output power by $N^2$. Increasing the number of mutually synchronized nano-oscillators in chains is hence of…

Low-noise gigahertz (GHz) frequencies sources are essential for applications in signal processing, sensing, and telecommunications. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator-based oscillators offer compact form factors and low phase noise due…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-06 Zichen Xi , Hsuan-Hao Lu , Jun Ji , Bernadeta R. Srijanto , Ivan I. Kravchenko , Yizheng Zhu , Linbo Shao

Injection locking is a powerful technique for synchronization of oscillator networks and controlling the phase and frequency of individual oscillators using similar or other types of oscillators. Here, we present the first demonstration of…

Optics · Physics 2018-05-09 Ke Huang , Mani Hossein-Zadeh

While mutually interacting spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs) hold great promise for wireless communication, neural networks, neuromorphic computing, and Ising machines, the highest number of synchronized SHNOs remains limited to $N$ = 64.…

An array of spin torque oscillators (STOs) for practical applications such as pattern recognition was recently proposed, where several STOs are connected by a common nonmagnet. In this structure, in addition to the electric and/or magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-01-24 Tomohiro Taniguchi

Spin-torque vortex oscillators (STVOs) have been shown to exhibit rich and complex dynamical regimes, which are strongly dependent on the polarizer's configuration. Here, we give an overview of the dynamics in an STVO comprising two vortex…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Loukas Kokkinos , Joo-Von Kim

Environmental noise coupling to mechanical experiments often introduces low-frequency fluctuations to the resonators, adding noise to measurements and reducing signal to noise. To counter these fluctuations, we demonstrate a dynamic…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-07-13 J. P. van Soest , C. A. Potts , S. Peiter , A. Sanz Mora , G. A. Steele

We study the agility of current-tunable oscillators based on a magnetic vortex orbiting around a point contact in spin-valves. Theory predicts frequency-tuning by currents occurs at constant orbital radius, so an exceptional agility is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-09-11 M. Manfrini , T. Devolder , Joo-Von Kim , P. Crozat , N. Zerounian , C. Chappert , W. Van Roy , L. Lagae , G. Hrkac , T. Schrefl

We experimentally study spin-Hall nano-oscillators based on [Co/Ni] multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We show that these devices are capable of single-frequency auto-oscillations at current densities comparable to those in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-07-19 B. Divinskiy , V. E. Demidov , A. Kozhanov , A. B. Rinkevich , S. O. Demokritov , S. Urazhdin

We investigated injection locking in spin-wave active ring oscillators (SWAROs) operating in the multi-mode regime. By applying external RF signals with varying frequency and power, we identified the locking behavior of individual modes and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Anirban Mukhopadhyay , Ihor I. Syvorotka , Anil Prabhakar

The temperature dependence of a vortex-based nano-oscillator induced by spin transfer torque (STVO) in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) is considered. We obtain emitted signals with large output power and good signal coherence. Due to the…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-03 P. Bortolotti , A. Dussaux , J. Grollier , V. Cros , A. Fukushima , H. Kubota , K. Yakushiji , S. Yuasa , K. Ando , A. Fert

As nascent nonlinear oscillators, nano-constriction spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs) represent a promising potential for integration into more complicated systems such as neural networks, magnetic field sensors, and radio frequency (RF)…

Synchronization of self-sustained oscillators under fixed-frequency and amplitude forcing is well understood, but how time-varying forcing mangles phase locking has been much less explored. Theory predicts that slow, deterministic…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-07 Zhenwei Xu , Ulrich Kuhl , Nicolas Noiray

Using micromagnetic simulations, we study the interplay between strongly voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA), $\Delta K = \pm$200 kJ/m$^3$, and gate width, $w=$ 10--400 nm, in voltage-gated W/CoFeB/MgO based nano-constriction spin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-16 Victor H. González , Roman Khymyn , Himanshu Fulara , Ahmad A. Awad , Johan Åkerman