Related papers: Sensitive Phase Gratings for X-ray Phase Contrast …
Biological soft tissues encountered in clinical and pre-clinical imaging mainly consist of light element atoms, and their composition is nearly uniform with little density variation. Thus, x-ray attenuation imaging suffers from low image…
Grating-based X-ray phase-contrast interferometry has a high application impact in material science and medicine for imaging of weakly absorbing (low Z) materials and soft tissues. For the absorbing gratings, casting of highly x-ray…
The VLTI instrument GRAVITY will provide very powerful astrometry by combining the light from four telescopes for two objects simultaneously. It will measure the angular separation between the two astronomical objects to a precision of 10…
Differential phase contrast interior tomography allows for reconstruction of a refractive index distribution over a region of interest (ROI) for visualization and analysis of internal structures inside a large biological specimen. In this…
X-ray imaging is the most widely used medical imaging modality. However, in the common practice, inconsistency in the initial presentation of X-ray images is a common complaint by radiologists. Different patient positions, patient habitus…
Diffraction gratings with high upward diffraction efficiency and large effective length are required for chip-scale light detection and ranging. In this paper, we propose a diffraction grating based on a multilayer silicon nitride…
Most material discrimination in security inspections is based on dual-energy x-ray imaging, which enables the determination of a material's effective atomic number (Zeff) as well as electron density and its consequent classification as…
We demonstrate first- and second-order spatial differentiation of an optical beam transverse profile using thin suspended subwavelength gratings. Highly reflective one-dimensional gratings are patterned on suspended 200 nm-thick silicon…
Grating interferometry is a promising diagnostic technique that enables simultaneous acquisition of three complementary, synergistic X-ray images: transmission, differential phase, and dark-field. Its key advantage over other setups is its…
High-resolution ($R = \lambda /\Delta \lambda > 2000$) x-ray absorption and emission line spectroscopy in the soft x-ray band is a crucial diagnostic for the exploration of the properties of ubiquitous warm and hot plasmas and their…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging enhances soft tissue visualization by leveraging the phase shift of X-rays passing through materials. It permits to minimize radiation exposure due to high contrast, as well as high resolution imaging limited by…
The diffraction of electromagnetic plane waves by a rectangular grating formed by discrete steps in the interface of a homogeneous, isotropic, linear, negative phase--velocity (negative index) material with free space is studied using the…
Measuring the diffuse, highly-ionized baryonic content in galactic halos and the intergalactic medium through soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy of active galactic nuclei is a main scientific objective of the Lynx X-ray Observatory mission…
Dark-field imaging based on grating interferometry is an emerging X-ray modality in medical imaging, which is particularly capable of providing complementary diagnostic information by visualizing the microstructural properties of lung…
We propose a high resolution spatial diagnostic method via inserting a millimeter-gap grating into the collimated terahertz beam to monitor the minute variation of the terahertz beam in strong-field terahertz sources, which is difficult to…
Periodic multilayers are nowadays widely used to perform x-ray analysis in the soft x-ray range (photon energy lower than 1 keV). However, they do not permit to obtain high-resolution spectra like natural or synthetic crystals. Thus,…
Grazing incidence mirrors for X-ray astronomy are usually designed in the parabola-hyperbola (Wolter I) configuration. This design allows for optimal images on-axis, which however degrade rapidly with the off-axis angle. Mirror surfaces…
The cross section of X-ray phase contrast caused by these low-Z elements is greatly bigger than the absorption. Therefore, in the field of X-ray imaging, the phase shift information can offer better imaging contrast. In this paper, we…
Diffraction gratings integrated into an atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) setup offer a compact and efficient route toward atom cooling and trapping, thus preparing magneto-optical traps (MOT) for insertion into future scalable quantum…
Phase Contrast Imaging (PCI), Dark-Field (DF) and Directional Dark-Field (DDF) imaging are recent X-ray imaging modalities that have demonstrated their interest by providing access to information and contrasts different from those provided…