Related papers: Sensitive Phase Gratings for X-ray Phase Contrast …
When x-rays penetrate soft matter, their phase changes more rapidly than their amplitude. In- terference effects visible with high brightness sources creates higher contrast, edge enhanced images. When the object is piecewise smooth (made…
Purpose: Diffusion MRI has shown promise for breast cancer screening, lesion characterization,and treatment response monitoring without contrast agents, but further translation is constraint by the gradient performance of conventional…
Dual-energy imaging is a clinically well-established technique that offers several advantages over conventional X-ray imaging. By performing measurements with two distinct X-ray spectra, differences in energy-dependent attenuation are…
X-ray diffraction gratings play an essential role in high-resolution spectroscopy of astrophysical phenomena. We present some scientific highlights from the X-ray grating spectrometers (XGS) on board of the Chandra and XMM/Newton missions,…
Optical grating technique, where optical gratings are generated via light inference, has been widely used to measure charge carrier and phonon transport in semiconductors. In this paper, compared are three types of transient optical grating…
We have developed a 3 dimensional Coherent Diffraction Imaging (CDI) algorithm to retrieve phases of diffraction patterns of samples in Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS) experiments. The algorithm interprets the…
Designing model architectures requires decisions such as selecting operators (e.g., attention, convolution) and configurations (e.g., depth, width). However, evaluating the impact of these decisions on model quality requires costly…
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides varying tissue contrast images of internal organs based on a strong magnetic field. Despite the non-invasive advantage of MRI in frequent imaging, the low contrast MR images in the target area make…
The design of liquid-crystal diffractive phase plate coronagraphs for ground-based and space-based high-contrast imaging systems is limited by the trade-off between spectral bandwidth and polarization leakage. We demonstrate that by…
Talbot length, the distance between two consecutive self-image planes along the propagation axis for a periodic diffraction object (grating) illuminated by a plane wave, depends on the period of the object and the wavelength of…
Two-dimensional (2D) diffraction gratings offer a polarization-independent coupling solution between the planar photonic chips and optical fibers, with advantages including placement flexibility, ease of fabrication, and tolerance to…
Articular cartilage is a musculoskeletal soft tissue renowned for its unique mechanical properties. Understanding both its hierarchical structure and the interplay between its constituents could shed light on the mechanical competence of…
Diffraction gratings with large angular dispersion rates are central to obtaining high spectral resolution in grating spectrometers operating over a broad spectral range from infrared to soft-x-ray domains. The greatest challenge is of…
In the present work we discuss a possibility to build an instrument with two operation modes - spectral and imaging ones. The key element of such instrument is a dispersive and filtering unit consisting of two narrowband volume-phase…
Recent innovations in x-ray technology (namely phase-based and energy-resolved imaging) offer unprecedented opportunities for material discrimination, however they are often used in isolation or in limited combinations. Here we show that…
Deformable Image Registration (DIR) of MR and CT images is one of the most challenging registration task, due to the inherent structural differences of the modalities and the missing dense ground truth. Recently cycle Generative Adversarial…
We show, that by performing a simultaneous analysis of the angular dependencies of the +/- first and the zeroth diffraction orders of mixed holographic gratings, each of the relevant parameters can be obtained: the strength of the phase…
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed human cancer in the United States at present. Early detection is crucial for its successful treatment. X-ray mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis are currently the main methods for…
Multi-energy CT has long demonstrated its ability to enhance image quality with material decomposition. Yet, it has largely been limited to applications that already have high contrast. More recently, x-ray phase-contrast (XPC) imaging has…
Two-directional beam-tracking (2DBT) is a method for phase-contrast imaging and tomography that uses an intensity modulator to structure the X-ray beam into an array of independent circular beamlets that are resolved by a high-resolution…