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We introduce top trees as a design of a new simpler interface for data structures maintaining information in a fully-dynamic forest. We demonstrate how easy and versatile they are to use on a host of different applications. For example, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Stephen Alstrup , Jacob Holm , Kristian de Lichtenberg , Mikkel Thorup

We present a general toolbox, based on new vertex sparsifiers, for designing data structures to maintain shortest paths in dynamic graphs. In an $m$-edge graph undergoing edge insertions and deletions, our data structures give the first…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Rasmus Kyng , Simon Meierhans , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg

A tree-packing is a collection of spanning trees of a graph. It has been a useful tool for computing the minimum cut in static, dynamic, and distributed settings. In particular, [Thorup, Comb. 2007] used them to obtain his dynamic min-cut…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Tijn de Vos , Aleksander B. G. Christiansen

In this paper, we present a novel learning framework for finding shortest paths in graphs utilizing Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets). First, we examine theoretical properties of GFlowNets in non-acyclic environments in relation to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Nikita Morozov , Ian Maksimov , Daniil Tiapkin , Sergey Samsonov

We propose a novel method for the inference of phylogenetic trees that utilises point configurations on hyperbolic space as its optimisation landscape. Each taxon corresponds to a point of the point configuration, while the evolutionary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Benjamin Wilson

The dynamic trees problem is to maintain a forest subject to edge insertions and deletions while facilitating queries such as connectivity, path weights, and subtree weights. Dynamic trees are a fundamental building block of a large number…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Umut A. Acar , Daniel Anderson , Guy E. Blelloch , Laxman Dhulipala , Sam Westrick

For a graph $G$, let $\Pi(G)$ denote the set of all potential maximal cliques of $G$. For each subset $\Pi$ of $\Pi(G)$, let $\tw(G, \Pi)$ denote the smallest $k$ such that there is a tree-decomposition of $G$ of width $k$ whose bags all…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Hisao Tamaki

Computing an optimal classification tree that provably maximizes training performance within a given size limit, is NP-hard, and in practice, most state-of-the-art methods do not scale beyond computing optimal trees of depth three.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Catalin E. Brita , Jacobus G. M. van der Linden , Emir Demirović

Robots often need to solve path planning problems where essential and discrete aspects of the environment are partially observable. This introduces a multi-modality, where the robot must be able to observe and infer the state of its…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Camille Phiquepal , Andreas Orthey , Nicolas Viennot , Marc Toussaint

We define a search problem on trees that closely captures the backtracking behavior of all current practical graph isomorphism algorithms. Given two trees with colored leaves, the goal is to find two leaves of matching color, one in each of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Markus Anders , Pascal Schweitzer

A hypergraph is a set V of vertices and a set of non-empty subsets of V, called hyperedges. Unlike graphs, hypergraphs can capture higher-order interactions in social and communication networks that go beyond a simple union of pairwise…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-02-02 Jianhang Gao , Qing Zhao , Wei Ren , Ananthram Swami , Ram Ramanathan , Amotz Bar-Noy

The efficient computation of shortest paths in complex networks is essential to face new challenges related to critical infrastructures such as a near real-time monitoring and control and the management of big size systems. In particular,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-12-02 Carlo Giudicianni , Armando di Nardo , Gabriele Oliva , Antonio Scala , Manuel Herrera

In this paper, we present a flexible and probabilistic framework for tracking topological features in time-varying scalar fields using merge trees and partial optimal transport. Merge trees are topological descriptors that record the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mingzhe Li , Xinyuan Yan , Lin Yan , Tom Needham , Bei Wang

Short spanning trees subject to additional constraints are important building blocks in various approximation algorithms. Especially in the context of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), new techniques for finding spanning trees with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Martin Nägele , Rico Zenklusen

This paper give a simple linear-time algorithm that, given a weighted digraph, finds a spanning tree that simultaneously approximates a shortest-path tree and a minimum spanning tree. The algorithm provides a continuous trade-off: given the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-02 Samir Khuller , Balaji Raghavachari , Neal E. Young

The parametric shortest path problem is to find the shortest paths in graph where the edge costs are of the form w_ij+lambda where each w_ij is constant and lambda is a parameter that varies. The problem is to find shortest path trees for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-02 Neal Young , Robert Tarjan , James Orlin

Evolving trees arise in many real-life scenarios from computer file systems and dynamic call graphs, to fake news propagation and disease spread. Most layout algorithms for static trees do not work well in an evolving setting (e.g., they…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Kathryn Gray , Mingwei Li , Reyan Ahmed , Stephen Kobourov

Ground robots navigating in complex, dynamic environments must compute collision-free trajectories to avoid obstacles safely and efficiently. Nonconvex optimization is a popular method to compute a trajectory in real-time. However, these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Oscar de Groot , Laura Ferranti , Dariu M. Gavrila , Javier Alonso-Mora

Decision tree learning is a widely used approach in machine learning, favoured in applications that require concise and interpretable models. Heuristic methods are traditionally used to quickly produce models with reasonably high accuracy.…

For the exactly solvable model of exponential last passage percolation on $\mathbb{Z}^2$, it is known that given any non-axial direction, all the semi-infinite geodesics starting from points in $\mathbb{Z}^2$ in that direction almost surely…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Márton Balázs , Riddhipratim Basu , Sudeshna Bhattacharjee