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Cutting edge deep learning techniques allow for image segmentation with great speed and accuracy. However, application to problems in materials science is often difficult since these complex models may have difficultly learning physical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-13 James P. Horwath , Dmitri N. Zakharov , Remi Megret , Eric A. Stach

The purpose of this project is to investigate the use of charge couple devices (CCDs) to detect electrons directly. This can be done in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for electrons over 100 KeV, but for space plasma instruments,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-10-28 S. R. Mirfayzi

An optical microscope is probably the most intuitive, simple and commonly used instrument to observe objects and discuss behaviors through images. Although the idea of imaging electrochemical processes operando by optical microscopy was…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-16 Jean-François Lemineur , Hui Wang , Wei Wang , Frédéric Kanoufi

Sub-angstrom spatial resolution of electron density coupled with sub-femtosecond temporal resolution is required to directly observe the dynamics of the electronic structure of a molecule after photoinitiation or some other ultrafast…

The DEPFET collaboration develops highly granular, ultra-transparent active pixel detectors for high-performance vertex reconstruction at future collider experiments. The characterization of detector prototypes has proven that the key…

Infrared detection and sensing is deeply embedded in modern technology and human society and its development has always been benefitting from the discovery of new photoelectric response materials. The rise of two-dimensional (2D) materials,…

High-throughput 2D and 3D scanning electron microscopy, which relies on automation and dependable control algorithms, requires high image quality with minimal human intervention. Classical focus and astigmatism correction algorithms attempt…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-05-10 Philipp Johannes Schubert , Rangoli Saxena , Joergen Kornfeld

Reliable analysis of intracellular dynamic processes in time-lapse fluorescence microscopy images requires complete and accurate tracking of all small particles in all time frames of the image sequences. A fundamental first step towards…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-16 Yao Yao , Ihor Smal , Ilya Grigoriev , Anna Akhmanova , Erik Meijering

3D silicon detectors, in which the electrodes penetrate the sensor bulk perpendicular to the surface, have recently undergone a rapid development from R\&D over industrialisation to their first installation in a real high-energy-physics…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-11-09 Jörn Lange

To take advantage of high-resolution optics sensitive to a broad energy range, future X-ray imaging instruments will require thick detectors with small pixels. This pixel aspect ratio affects spectral response in the soft X-ray band, vital…

Two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals offer strong control over the propagation of light through their bands. Theoretical methods for computing the band structure in 2D are well-established and fast because 2D photonic crystals are…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-10 Timon J. Vreman , Melissa J. Goodwin , Ad Lagendijk , Willem L. Vos

We are currently developing Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) detectors for a next-generation space-borne hard X-ray telescope which can follow up on the highly successful NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) mission. Since the launch…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-09 Jason Tang , Fabian Kislat , Henric Krawczynski

The main challenges posed by the design of future Positron Emission Tomography machines are the improvement of the spatial and timing resolution and the combined operation with magnetic resonance. The Micro Pixel Photon Counter by Hamamatsu…

Medical Physics · Physics 2008-05-06 N. D'Ascenzo , E. Garutti , M. Goettlich , H. C. Schultz-Coulon , A. Tadday

A new instrument for high resolution imaging of fast-neutrons is presented here. It is designed for energy selective radiography in nanosecond-pulsed broad-energy (1 - 10 MeV) neutron beams. The device presented here is based on hydrogenous…

Accurate 3D imaging is essential for machines to map and interact with the physical world. While numerous 3D imaging technologies exist, each addressing niche applications with varying degrees of success, none have achieved the breadth of…

It is developed a very complex system (hardware/software) to detect luminosity variations connected with the discovery of new planets outside the Solar System. Traditional imaging approaches are very demanding in terms of computing time;…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2007-05-23 G. Iovane

Device architectures and dimensions are now at an unimaginable level not thought possible even 10 years ago. The continued downscaling, following the so-called Moore's law, has motivated the development and use of extreme ultraviolet (EUV)…

Crystallization is a key step in macromolecular structure determination by crystallography. While a robust theoretical treatment of the process is available, due to the complexity of the system, the experimental process is still largely one…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2016-08-02 Irem Altan , Patrick Charbonneau , Edward H. Snell

The coincident detection of particles is a powerful method in experimental physics, enabling the investigation of a variety of projectile-target interactions. The vast majority of coincidence experiments is performed with charged particles,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-10-02 A. Hans , C. Ozga , Ph. Schmidt , G. Hartmann , A. Nehls , Ph. Wenzel , C. Richter , C. Lant , X. Holzapfel , J. H. Viehmann , U. Hergenhahn , A. Ehresmann , A. Knie

The design of a Ring Imaging CHerenkov (RICH) detector for the identification of high momentum particles at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is extremely challenging by using current technology. Compact collider setups impose to…

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