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Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (sMTJs) are emerging as promising components for stochastic units in neuromorphic computing, owing to their tunable random switching behavior. Conventional MTJ control methods, such as spin-transfer torque…

Magnetic heterostructures that combine large spin-orbit torque efficiency, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and low resistivity are key to develop electrically-controlled memory and logic devices. Here we report on vector measurements of…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-01-10 Abhijit Ghosh , Kevin Garello , Can Onur Avci , Mihai Gabureac , Pietro Gambardella

High-resolution tunneling electron spin transport properties (longitudinal spin current (LSC) and spin transfer torque (STT) maps) of topologically distinct real-space magnetic skyrmionic textures are reported by employing a 3D-WKB combined…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-27 Krisztián Palotás , Levente Rózsa , Eszter Simon , László Szunyogh

We formulate a theory of spin-transfer torques in antiferromagnets, which covers the small to large limits of the exchange coupling energy relative to the kinetic energy of the inter-sublattice electron dynamics. Our theory suggests a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-08-10 Yuta Yamane , Jun'ichi Ieda , Jairo Sinova

Spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory (STT-MRAM) relies on nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) as its fundamental building blocks. Next-generation STT-MRAM requires strategies that simultaneously improve switching energy…

As the Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications become more and more pervasive, IoT end nodes are requiring more and more computational power within a few mW of power envelope, coupled with high-speed and energy-efficient inter-chip…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Hayate Okuhara , Ahmed Elnaqib , Davide Rossi , Alfio Di Mauro , Philipp Mayer , Pierpaolo Palestri , Luca Benini

We propose a mechanism for detection of a single spin center on a non-magnetic substrate. In the detection scheme, the STM tunnel current is correlated with the spin orientation. In the presence of magnetic field, the spin precesses and the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. V. Balatsky , I. Martin

This paper presents a physics-based modeling framework for the analysis and transient simulation of circuits containing Spin-Transfer Torque (STT) Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) devices. The framework provides the tools to analyze the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Fernando García-Redondo , Pranay Prabhat , Mudit Bhargava , Cyrille Dray

With ultra-fast writing capacity and high reliability, the spin-orbit torque is regarded as a promising alternative to fabricate next-generation magnetic random access memory. However, the three-terminal setup can be challenging when…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-06-07 Ming-Han Tsai , Po-Hung Lin , Kuo-Feng Huang , Hsiu-Hau Lin , Chih-Huang Lai

Biologically-inspired computing models have made significant progress in recent years, but the conventional von Neumann architecture is inefficient for the large-scale matrix operations and massive parallelism required by these models. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Siqing Fu , Lizhou Wu , Tiejun Li , Chunyuan Zhang , Jianmin Zhang , Sheng Ma

Spin-based memories are attractive for their non-volatility and high durability but provide modest resistance changes, whereas semiconductor logic transistors are capable of large resistance changes, but lack memory function with high…

Magnetic skyrmions have been in the spotlight since their observation in technologically relevant systems at room temperature. More recently, there has been increasing interest in additional quasiparticles that may exist as…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-02-08 Runze Chen , Yu Li , Vasilis F. Pavlidis , Christoforos Moutafis

This paper presents physical modeling and benchmarking for two-terminal spin-orbit torque magnetic random-access memory (2T-SOT-MRAM). The results indicate that the common SOT materials that provide only in-plane torque can provide little…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Md Nahid Haque Shazon , Piyush Kumar , Luqiao Liu , Daniel C. Ralph , Azad Naeemi

Spin Hall effect (SHE) and voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) are two promising methods for low-power electrical manipulation of magnetization. Recently, magnetic field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization through SHE…

Smart material implication (SIMPLY) logic has been recently proposed for the design of energy-efficient Logic-in-Memory (LIM) architectures based on non-volatile resistive memory devices. The SIMPLY logic is enabled by adding a comparator…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Raffaele De Rose , Tommaso Zanotti , Francesco Maria Puglisi , Felice Crupi , Paolo Pavan , Marco Lanuzza

Spin-Torque-Transfer RAM (STTRAM) is a promising technology however process variation poses serious challenge to sensing. To eliminate bit-to-bit process variation we propose a reference-less, destructive slope detection technique which…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Seyedhamidreza Motaman , Swaroop Ghosh , Jae-Won Jang , Anirudh Iyengar , Rekha Govindaraj , Zakir Khondker

The phenomenon of spin transfer torque (STT) has attracted a great deal of interests due to its promising prospects in practical spintronic devices. In this paper, we report a theoretical investigation of STT in a noncollinear magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-17 Xiaobin Chen , Chenyi Zhou , Zhaohui Zhang , Jingzhe Chen , Xiaohong Zheng , Lei Zhang , Can-Ming Hu , Hong Guo

Spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) is considered as one of the most promising candidates to build up a true universal memory thanks to its fast write/read speed, infinite endurance and non-volatility. However the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Weisheng Zhao , Sumanta Chaudhuri , Celso Accoto , Jacques-Olivier Klein , Claude Chappert , Pascale Mazoyer

We report on first-principles calculations of spin-transfer torque (STT) in epitaxial magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) based on ferrimagnetic tetragonal Mn$_3$Ga electrodes, both as analyzer in an Fe/MgO stack, and also in an analogous…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-10 Maria Stamenova , Plamen Stamenov , Farzad Mahfouzi , Quilong Sun , Nicholas Kioussis , Stefano Sanvito

We investigate the dependence of perpendicular and parallel spin transfer torque (STT) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) on the insulator barrier energy in the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). We employed single orbit tight binding model…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-20 Chun-Yeol You , Jae-Ho Han , Hyun-Woo Lee