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The increasing complexity of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications and near-sensor processing algorithms is pushing the computational power of low-power, battery-operated end-node systems. This trend also reveals growing demands for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Hayate Okuhara , Ahmed Elnaqib , Martino Dazzi , Pierpaolo Palestri , Simone Benatti , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

Optical interconnect has emerged as the front-runner to replace electrical interconnect especially for off-chip communication. However, a major drawback with optical interconnects is the need for photodetectors and amplifiers at the…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-10-28 Zubair Al Azim , Xuanyao Fong , Thomas Ostler , Roy Chantrell , Kaushik Roy

Current-induced torques originating from earth-abundant 3d elements offer a promising avenue for low-cost and sustainable spintronic memory and logic applications. Recently, orbital currents -- transverse orbital angular momentum flow in…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-03 Silvia Damerio , Can O. Avci

Spintronics uses spins, the intrinsic angular momentum of electrons, as an alternative for the electron charge. Its long-term goal is in the development of beyond-Moore low dissipation technology devices. Recent progress demonstrated the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-14 R. Lebrun , A. Ross , S. A. Bender , A. Qaiumzadeh , L. Baldrati , J. Cramer , A. Brataas , R. A. Duine , M. Kläui

We numerically study ultra fast resonant spin torque (ST) magnetization reversal in magnetic tunnelling junctions (MTJ) driven by current pulses having a direct current (DC) and a resonant alternating current (AC) component. The…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-19 L. Fricke , S. Serrano-Guisan , H. W. Schumacher

Solid state magnetic field sensors based on magneto-resistance modulation find direct applications in communication devices, specifically in proximity detection, rotational reference detection and current sensing. In this work, we propose…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-27 Abhishek Sharma , Ashwin Tulapurkar , Bhaskaran Muralidharan

Spin waves, known for their ability to propagate without the involvement of moving charges, hold immense promise for on-chip information transfer and processing, offering a path toward post-CMOS computing technologies. This study…

We numerically investigate the effect of magnetic and electrical damages at the edge of a perpendicular magnetic random access memory (MRAM) cell on the spin-transfer-torque (STT) efficiency that is defined by the ratio of thermal stability…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-09-02 Kyungmi Song , Kyung-Jin Lee

Spintronics has emerged as a promising field for next-generation devices, offering functionalities beyond complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS). A critical challenge in spintronics is to develop systems that can efficiently…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Zhendong Chi , Eoin Dolan , Haozhe Yang , Beatriz Martín-García , Marco Gobbi , Luis E. Hueso , Fèlix Casanova

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) represents an energy efficient method to control magnetization in magnetic memory devices. However, deterministically switching perpendicular memory bits usually requires the application of an additional bias field…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-03 Qianchang Wang , John Domann , Guoqiang Yu , Anthony Barra , Kang L. Wang , Gregory P. Carman

Spin currents can modify the magnetic state of ferromagnetic ultrathin films through spin-orbit torque. They may be generated by means of spin-orbit interaction by either bulk or interfacial phenomena. Electrical transport measurements…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-27 A. Anadón , R. Guerrero , J. A. Jover-Galtier , A. Gudín , J. M. Díez , P. Olleros-Rodríguez , R. Miranda , J. Camarero , P. Perna

The magnitude of spin-orbit torque (SOT), exerted to a ferromagnet (FM) from an adjacent heavy metal (HM), strongly depends on the amount of spin currents absorbed in the FM. We exploit the large spin absorption at the Ru interface to…

Using type-x spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching scheme, in which the easy axis (EA) of the ferromagnetic (FM) layer and the charge current flow direction are collinear, is possible to realize a lower-power-consumption, higher-density, and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Yan-Ting Liu , Chao-Chung Huang , Kuan-Hao Chen , Yu-Hao Huang , Chia-Chin Tsai , Ting-Yu Chang , Chi-Feng Pai

We reported a systematic study of spin-orbit torque biased magnetic sensors based on NiFe/Pt bilayers through both macro-spin modeling and experiments. The simulation results show that it is possible to achieve a linear sensor with a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 Yanjun Xu , Yumeng Yang , Ziyan Luo , Baoxi Xu , Yihong Wu

We present a novel design of a strained topological insulator spin-orbit torque random access memory (STI-SOTRAM) bit cell comprising a piezoelectric/magnet (gating)/topological insulator (TI)/magnet (storage) heterostructure that leverages…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Md Golam Morshed , Hamed Vakili , Mohammad Nazmus Sakib , Samiran Ganguly , Mircea R. Stan , Avik W. Ghosh

Recent advances in increasing the spectroscopic energy resolution in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been achieved by integrating electron spin resonance (ESR) with STM. Here, we demonstrate the design and performance of a…

We systematically survey on Pt$_{x}$Cu$_{1-x}$/Co/MgO magnetic heterostructure with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and report a significant improvement on spin-orbit torque switching efficiency in Pt-Cu alloy system. The largest…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-06-16 Chen-Yu Hu , Chi-Feng Pai

Spin transfer torque (STT) driven by a charge current plays a key role in magnetization switching in heavy-metal/ferromagnetic-metal structures. The STT efficiency defined by the ratio between the effective field due to STT and the current…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-03-18 Jianshu Xue , Yaping Guo , Ledong Wang , Yanan Dong , Yanxue Chen , Yufeng Tian , Shishen Yan , Lihui Bai

We have investigated Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) induced ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) assisted Spin Transfer Torque (STT) switching of perpendicular MTJ (p-MTJ) with inhomogeneities using micromagnetic simulations that include the effect…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-22 Walid Al Misba , Md. Mahadi Rajib , Dhritiman Bhattacharya , Jayasimha Atulasimha

This paper presents a novel six-axis force/torque (F/T) sensor based on inductive sensing technology. Unlike conventional strain gauge-based sensors that require direct contact and external amplification, the proposed sensor utilizes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Hyun-Bin Kim , Kyung-Soo Kim