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Recent large language models (LLMs) have shown strong reasoning capabilities. However, a critical question remains: do these models possess genuine strategic reasoning, or do they primarily excel at pattern recognition? To address this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jincheng Liu , Sijun He , Jingjing Wu , Xiangsen Wang , Yang Chen , Zhaoqi Kuang , Siqi Bao , Yuan Yao

We consider scenarios from the real-time strategy game StarCraft as new benchmarks for reinforcement learning algorithms. We propose micromanagement tasks, which present the problem of the short-term, low-level control of army members…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Nicolas Usunier , Gabriel Synnaeve , Zeming Lin , Soumith Chintala

We present StarSpace, a general-purpose neural embedding model that can solve a wide variety of problems: labeling tasks such as text classification, ranking tasks such as information retrieval/web search, collaborative filtering-based or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Ledell Wu , Adam Fisch , Sumit Chopra , Keith Adams , Antoine Bordes , Jason Weston

This paper surveys research on applying neuroevolution (NE) to games. In neuroevolution, artificial neural networks are trained through evolutionary algorithms, taking inspiration from the way biological brains evolved. We analyse the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-11-05 Sebastian Risi , Julian Togelius

Humans can leverage hierarchical structures to split a task into sub-tasks and solve problems efficiently. Both imitation and reinforcement learning or a combination of them with hierarchical structures have been proven to be an efficient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Yaru Niu , Yijun Gu

Motivated by the challenge of achieving rapid learning in physical environments, this paper presents the development and training of a robotic system designed to navigate and solve a labyrinth game using model-based reinforcement learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Thomas Bi , Raffaello D'Andrea

Humans can pursue a near-infinite variety of tasks, but typically can only pursue a small number at the same time. We hypothesize that humans leverage experience on one task to preemptively learn solutions to other tasks that were…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Wilka Carvalho , Sam Hall-McMaster , Honglak Lee , Samuel J. Gershman

Computer games play an important role in our society and motivate people to learn computer science. Since artificial intelligence is integral to most games, they can also be used to teach artificial intelligence. We introduce the Game AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-11-25 Mark O. Riedl

Video game playing is an extremely structured domain where algorithmic decision-making can be tested without adverse real-world consequences. While prevailing methods rely on image inputs to avoid the problem of hand-crafting state space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Abhishek Jaiswal , Nisheeth Srivastava

The labyrinth game is a simple yet challenging platform, not only for humans but also for control algorithms and systems. The game is easy to understand but still very hard to master. From a system point of view, the ball behaviour is in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Kristoffer Öfjäll , Michael Felsberg

Text-based games provide a framework for developing natural language understanding and commonsense knowledge about the world in reinforcement learning based agents. Existing text-based environments often rely on fictional situations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Abhinav Joshi , Areeb Ahmad , Umang Pandey , Ashutosh Modi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications that demand complex reasoning. To track progress, robust benchmarks are required to evaluate their capabilities beyond superficial pattern recognition.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Wenye Lin , Jonathan Roberts , Yunhan Yang , Samuel Albanie , Zongqing Lu , Kai Han

Stochastic optimal control and games have a wide range of applications, from finance and economics to social sciences, robotics, and energy management. Many real-world applications involve complex models that have driven the development of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Ruimeng Hu , Mathieu Laurière

Interactive fiction games have emerged as an important application to improve the generalization capabilities of language-based reinforcement learning (RL) agents. Existing environments for interactive fiction games are domain-specific or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Shreyas Basavatia , Keerthiram Murugesan , Shivam Ratnakar

Complex environments and tasks pose a difficult problem for holistic end-to-end learning approaches. Decomposition of an environment into interacting controllable and non-controllable objects allows supervised learning for non-controllable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Andrew Melnik , Sascha Fleer , Malte Schilling , Helge Ritter

There has been a recent explosion in the capabilities of game-playing artificial intelligence. Many classes of tasks, from video games to motor control to board games, are now solvable by fairly generic algorithms, based on deep learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Vlad Firoiu , Tina Ju , Josh Tenenbaum

We present a vision-only model for gaming AI which uses a late integration deep convolutional network architecture trained in a purely supervised imitation learning context. Although state-of-the-art deep learning models for video game…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Zhao Chen , Darvin Yi

StarCraft II poses a grand challenge for reinforcement learning. The main difficulties of it include huge state and action space and a long-time horizon. In this paper, we investigate a hierarchical reinforcement learning approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Zhen-Jia Pang , Ruo-Ze Liu , Zhou-Yu Meng , Yi Zhang , Yang Yu , Tong Lu

Real-time strategy games have been an important field of game artificial intelligence in recent years. This paper presents a reinforcement learning and curriculum transfer learning method to control multiple units in StarCraft…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-04 Kun Shao , Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao

We develop a game theoretic model of malware protection using the state-of-the-art sandbox method, to characterize and compute optimal defense strategies for anti-malware. We model the strategic interaction between developers of malware (M)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Sujoy Sikdar , Sikai Ruan , Qishen Han , Paween Pitimanaaree , Jeremy Blackthorne , Bulent Yener , Lirong Xia