Related papers: Counting Ones Without Broadword Operations
John Tromp introduced the so-called 'binary lambda calculus' as a way to encode lambda terms in terms of binary words. Later, Grygiel and Lescanne conjectured that the number of binary lambda terms with $m$ free indices and of size $n$…
We give the first linear-time counting algorithm for processes in anonymous 1-interval-connected dynamic networks with a leader. As a byproduct, we are able to compute in $3n$ rounds every function that is deterministically computable in…
The integer complexity $f(n)$ of a positive integer $n$ is defined as the minimum number of 1's needed to represent $n$, using additions, multiplications and parentheses. We present two simple and faster algorithms for computing the integer…
We present the first linear lower bound for the number of bits required to be accessed in the worst case to increment an integer in an arbitrary space- optimal binary representation. The best previously known lower bound was logarithmic. It…
Consider a short theorem, i.e. one that can be written down using just a few symbols. Can its shortest proof be arbitrarily long? We answer this question in the negative. Inspired by arguments by Calude et al (1999) and Chaitin (1984) that…
Simple upper and lower bounds are obtained for the integral $\int_0^x\mathrm{e}^{-\gamma t}t^\nu I_\nu(t)\,\mathrm{d}t$, $x>0$, $\nu>-\frac{1}{2}$, $0<\gamma<1$. Most of our bounds for this integral are tight as $x\rightarrow\infty$. We…
Given a barrier $0 \leq b_0 \leq b_1 \leq ...$, let $f(n)$ be the number of nondecreasing integer sequences $0 \leq a_0 \leq a_1 \leq ... \leq a_n$ for which $a_j \leq b_j$ for all $0 \leq j \leq n$. Known formul\ae for $f(n)$ include an $n…
We consider a first-order logic for the integers with addition. This logic extends classical first-order logic by modulo-counting, threshold-counting and exact-counting quantifiers, all applied to tuples of variables (here, residues are…
Let $s$ be a string of length $n$ over an alphabet of constant size $\sigma$ and let $c$ and $\epsilon$ be constants with (1 \geq c \geq 0) and (\epsilon > 0). Using (O (n)) time, (O (n^c)) bits of memory and one pass we can always encode…
Consider the set of those binary words with no non-empty factors of the form $xxx^R$. Du, Mousavi, Schaeffer, and Shallit asked whether this set of words grows polynomially or exponentially with length. In this paper, we demonstrate the…
We describe a new algorithm that computes the n-th Bernoulli number in n^(4/3 + o(1)) bit operations. This improves on previous algorithms that had complexity n^(2 + o(1)).
The forward prediction problem for a binary time series $\{X_n\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ is to estimate the probability that $X_{n+1}=1$ based on the observations $X_i$, $0\le i\le n$ without prior knowledge of the distribution of the process…
For a stationary stochastic process $\{X_n\}$ with values in some set $A$, a finite word $w \in A^K$ is called a memory word if the conditional probability of $X_0$ given the past is constant on the cylinder set defined by $X_{-K}^{-1}=w$.…
The prime-counting function $\pi(x)$ which computes the number of primes smaller or equal to a given real number has a long-standing interest in number theory. The present manuscript proposes a method to compute $\pi(x)$ with time…
The longest common extension problem is to preprocess a given string of length $n$ into a data structure that uses $S(n)$ bits on top of the input and answers in $T(n)$ time the queries $\mathit{LCE}(i,j)$ computing the length of the…
The bounds for absolute moments of order statistics are established. Let $X_1,\dots ,X_n$ be independent identically distributed real-valued random variables and let $X_{1:n}\le \dots \le X_{n:n}$ be the corresponding order statistics. The…
A {\em subsequence} of a word $w$ is a word $u$ that can be obtained by deleting some letters from $w$ while maintaining the relative order of the remaining letters, e.g., $\mathtt{lala}$ is a subsequence of $\mathtt{alfalfa}$. A word, over…
A choice dictionary is a data structure that can be initialized with a parameter $n\in\{1,2,\ldots\}$ and subsequently maintains an initially empty subset $S$ of $\{1,\ldots,n\}$ under insertion, deletion, membership queries and an…
We provide, in an extremely simple way, an upper bound to the minimum number of unitary operators describing a general random-unitary channel.
An apriori bound for the condition number associated to each of the following problems is given: general linear equation solving, minimum squares, non-symmetric eigenvalue problems, solving univariate polynomials, solving systems of…