Related papers: Studies Supporting PMT Characterization for the Ic…

Calibrating the photon detection efficiency in IceCube

The IceCube neutrino observatory is composed of more than five thousand light sensors, Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), installed on the surface and at depths between 1450 and 2450 m in clear ice at the South Pole. Each DOM incorporates a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-11-10 Delia Tosi , Christopher Wendt

Design and performance of the multi-PMT optical module for IceCube Upgrade

The IceCube Upgrade is the first step towards the next-generation neutrino observatory at the South Pole, IceCube-Gen2, and will be installed in the central region of the existing array. The Upgrade will consist of 693 newly developed,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-27 T. Anderson , L. Classen , A. T. Fienberg , S. Mechbal , J. Schneider , K. -H. Sulanke , M. A. Unland Elorrieta , C. Wendt

A multi-PMT Optical Module for the IceCube Upgrade

Following the first observation of an astrophysical high-energy neutrino flux with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory in 2013 and the identification of a first cosmic high-energy neutrino source in 2017, the detector will be upgraded with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-29 Lew Classen , Alexander Kappes , Timo Karg

A new simulation framework for IceCube Upgrade calibration using IceCube Upgrade Camera system

Currently, an upgrade consisting of seven densely instrumented strings in the center of the volume of the IceCube detector with new digital optical modules (DOMs) is being built. On each string, DOMs will be regularly spaced with a vertical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-14 Christoph Tönnis , Seowon Choi , Carsten Rott , Minyeong Seo , Jiwoong Lee

Characterization of Two PMT Models for the IceCube Upgrade mDOM

The IceCube Upgrade will expand the IceCube Neutrino Observatory with nearly 800 new optical modules. A large fraction of these will be multi-PMT optical modules (mDOMs), featuring 24 PMTs pointing uniformly in all directions, providing an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-23 D. van Eijk , J. Schneider , M. Unland

Acceptance Tests of more than 10 000 Photomultiplier Tubes for the multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules of the IceCube Upgrade

More than 10,000 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with a diameter of 80 mm will be installed in multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules (mDOMs) of the IceCube Upgrade. These have been tested and pre-calibrated at two sites. A throughput of more than…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-21 R. Abbasi , M. Ackermann , J. Adams , S. K. Agarwalla , J. A. Aguilar , M. Ahlers , J. M. Alameddine , N. M. Amin , K. Andeen , C. Argüelles , Y. Ashida , S. Athanasiadou , L. Ausborm , S. N. Axani , X. Bai , A. Balagopal V. , M. Baricevic , S. W. Barwick , S. Bash , V. Basu , R. Bay , J. J. Beatty , J. Becker Tjus , J. Beise , C. Bellenghi , C. Benning , S. BenZvi , D. Berley , E. Bernardini , D. Z. Besson , E. Blaufuss , L. Bloom , S. Blot , F. Bontempo , J. Y. Book Motzkin , C. Boscolo Meneguolo , S. Böser , O. Botner , J. Böttcher , J. Braun , B. Brinson , J. Brostean-Kaiser , L. Brusa , R. T. Burley , D. Butterfield , M. A. Campana , I. Caracas , K. Carloni , J. Carpio , S. Chattopadhyay , N. Chau , Z. Chen , D. Chirkin , S. Choi , B. A. Clark , A. Coleman , G. H. Collin , A. Connolly , J. M. Conrad , P. Coppin , R. Corley , P. Correa , D. F. Cowen , P. Dave , C. De Clercq , J. J. DeLaunay , D. Delgado , S. Deng , A. Desai , P. Desiati , K. D. de Vries , G. de Wasseige , T. DeYoung , A. Diaz , J. C. Díaz-Vélez , P. Dierichs , M. Dittmer , A. Domi , L. Draper , H. Dujmovic , K. Dutta , M. A. DuVernois , T. Ehrhardt , L. Eidenschink , A. Eimer , P. Eller , E. Ellinger , S. El Mentawi , D. Elsässer , R. Engel , H. Erpenbeck , J. Evans , P. A. Evenson , K. L. Fan , K. Fang , K. Farrag , A. R. Fazely , A. Fedynitch , N. Feigl , S. Fiedlschuster , C. Finley , L. Fischer , D. Fox , A. Franckowiak , S. Fukami , P. Fürst , J. Gallagher , E. Ganster , A. Garcia , M. Garcia , G. Garg , E. Genton , L. Gerhardt , A. Ghadimi , C. Girard-Carillo , C. Glaser , T. Glüsenkamp , J. G. Gonzalez , S. Goswami , A. Granados , D. Grant , S. J. Gray , O. Gries , S. Griffin , S. Griswold , K. M. Groth , C. Günther , P. Gutjahr , C. Ha , C. Haack , A. Hallgren , L. Halve , F. Halzen , H. Hamdaoui , M. Ha Minh , M. Handt , K. Hanson , J. Hardin , A. A. Harnisch , P. Hatch , A. Haungs , J. Häußler , K. Helbing , J. Hellrung , J. Hermannsgabner , L. Heuermann , N. Heyer , S. Hickford , A. Hidvegi , C. Hill , G. C. Hill , K. D. Hoffman , S. Hori , K. Hoshina , M. Hostert , W. Hou , T. Huber , K. Hultqvist , M. Hünnefeld , R. Hussain , K. Hymon , A. Ishihara , W. Iwakiri , M. Jacquart , O. Janik , M. Jansson , G. S. Japaridze , M. Jeong , M. Jin , B. J. P. Jones , R. Joppe , N. Kamp , D. Kang , W. Kang , X. Kang , A. Kappes , D. Kappesser , L. Kardum , T. Karg , M. Karl , A. Karle , A. Katil , U. Katz , M. Kauer , J. L. Kelley , M. Khanal , A. Khatee Zathul , A. Kheirandish , J. Kiryluk , A. Kochocki , R. Koirala , H. Kolanoski , T. Kontrimas , L. Köpke , C. Kopper , D. J. Koskinen , M. Kossatz , P. Koundal , M. Kovacevich , M. Kowalski , T. Kozynets , J. Krishnamoorthi , K. Kruiswijk , E. Krupczak , A. Kumar , E. Kun , N. Kurahashi , N. Lad , C. Lagunas Gualda , M. Lamoureux , M. J. Larson , S. Latseva , F. Lauber , J. P. Lazar , J. W. Lee , K. Leonard DeHolton , A. Leszczyńska , J. Liao , M. Lincetto , Y. T. Liu , M. Liubarska , E. Lohfink , C. Love , C. J. Lozano Mariscal , L. Lu , F. Lucarelli , W. Luszczak , Y. Lyu , J. Madsen , E. Magnus , K. B. M. Mahn , Y. Makino , E. Manao , S. Mancina , W. Marie Sainte , I. C. Mariş , S. Marka , Z. Marka , M. Marsee , I. Martinez-Soler , R. Maruyama , F. Mayhew , F. McNally , J. V. Mead , K. Meagher , S. Mechbal , A. Medina , M. Meier , Y. Merckx , L. Merten , J. Micallef , J. Mitchell , T. Montaruli , R. W. Moore , Y. Morii , R. Morse , M. Moulai , T. Mukherjee , R. Naab , R. Nagai , M. Nakos , U. Naumann , J. Necker , A. Negi , L. Neste , M. Neumann , H. Niederhausen , M. U. Nisa , K. Noda , A. Noell , A. Novikov , A. Obertacke Pollmann , V. O'Dell , B. Oeyen , A. Olivas , R. Orsoe , J. Osborn , E. O'Sullivan , H. Pandya , N. Park , G. K. Parker , E. N. Paudel , L. Paul , C. Pérez de los Heros , T. Pernice , J. Peterson , S. Philippen , A. Pizzuto , M. Plum , A. Pontén , Y. Popovych , M. Prado Rodriguez , B. Pries , R. Procter-Murphy , G. T. Przybylski , C. Raab , J. Rack-Helleis , M. Ravn , K. Rawlins , Z. Rechav , A. Rehman , P. Reichherzer , E. Resconi , S. Reusch , W. Rhode , B. Riedel , A. Rifaie , E. J. Roberts , S. Robertson , S. Rodan , G. Roellinghoff , M. Rongen , A. Rosted , C. Rott , T. Ruhe , L. Ruohan , D. Ryckbosch , I. Safa , J. Saffer , D. Salazar-Gallegos , P. Sampathkumar , A. Sandrock , M. Santander , S. Sarkar , S. Sarkar , J. Savelberg , P. Savina , P. Schaile , M. Schaufel , H. Schieler , S. Schindler , B. Schlüter , F. Schlüter , N. Schmeisser , T. Schmidt , J. Schneider , F. G. Schröder , L. Schumacher , S. Sclafani , D. Seckel , M. Seikh , M. Seo , S. Seunarine , P. Sevle Myhr , R. Shah , S. Shefali , N. Shimizu , M. Silva , B. Skrzypek , B. Smithers , R. Snihur , J. Soedingrekso , A. Søgaard , D. Soldin , P. Soldin , G. Sommani , C. Spannfellner , G. M. Spiczak , C. Spiering , M. Stamatikos , T. Stanev , T. Stezelberger , T. Stürwald , T. Stuttard , K. H. Sulanke , G. W. Sullivan , I. Taboada , S. Ter-Antonyan , A. Terliuk , M. Thiesmeyer , W. G. Thompson , J. Thwaites , S. Tilav , K. Tollefson , C. Tönnis , S. Toscano , D. Tosi , A. Trettin , R. Turcotte , J. P. Twagirayezu , M. A. Unland Elorrieta , A. K. Upadhyay , K. Upshaw , A. Vaidyanathan , N. Valtonen-Mattila , J. Vandenbroucke , N. van Eijndhoven , D. Vannerom , J. van Santen , J. Vara , J. Veitch-Michaelis , M. Venugopal , M. Vereecken , S. Verpoest , D. Veske , A. Vijai , C. Walck , A. Wang , C. Weaver , P. Weigel , A. Weindl , J. Weldert , A. Y. Wen , C. Wendt , J. Werthebach , M. Weyrauch , N. Whitehorn , C. H. Wiebusch , D. R. Williams , L. Witthaus , A. Wolf , M. Wolf , G. Wrede , X. W. Xu , J. P. Yanez , E. Yildizci , S. Yoshida , R. Young , S. Yu , T. Yuan , Z. Zhang , P. Zhelnin , P. Zilberman , M. Zimmerman

Performance Study of the IceCube Upgrade Camera System

The IceCube Upgrade Camera System is a novel calibration system designed to calibrate the IceCube detector by measuring the optical properties of the Antarctic ice. The system comprises nearly 2,000 cameras and illumination LEDs, which are…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-25 Carsten Rott , Minje Park , Matti Jansson , Garrett Iverson , Seowon Choi

Detailed investigations of PMTs in optical sensors for neutrino telescopes such as IceCube Upgrade

Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are a central component of neutrino telescopes such as IceCube and KM3NeT, and an accurate understanding and measurement of their properties is indispensable for improvements of these experiments. In this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-31 Berit Schlüter , Willem Achtermann , Martin Antonio Unland Elorrieta

Development of the New Optical Sensor for IceCube-Gen2

A new digital optical module (DOM) has been developed for the proposed expansion to the IceCube detector at the South Pole, IceCube-Gen2. The "Gen2-DOM" has 4 times the integrated photon sensitivity of the current IceCube DOMs and has built…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Delaney Butterfield , Chris Wendt

Calibration and Characterization of the IceCube Photomultiplier Tube

Over 5,000 PMTs are being deployed at the South Pole to compose the IceCube neutrino observatory. Many are placed deep in the ice to detect Cherenkov light emitted by the products of high-energy neutrino interactions, and others are frozen…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 The IceCube Collaboration , R. Abbasi , Y. Abdou , T. Abu-Zayyad , J. Adams , J. A. Aguilar , M. Ahlers , K. Andeen , J. Auffenberg , X. Bai , M. Baker , S. W. Barwick , R. Bay , J. L. Bazo Alba , K. Beattie , J. J. Beatty , S. Bechet , J. K. Becker , K. -H. Becker , M. L. Benabderrahmane , J. Berdermann , P. Berghaus , D. Berley , E. Bernardini , D. Bertrand , D. Z. Besson , M. Bissok , E. Blaufuss , D. J. Boersma , C. Bohm , O. Botner , L. Bradley , J. Braun , S. Buitink , M. Carson , D. Chirkin , B. Christy , J. Clem , S. Cohen , C. Colnard , D. F. Cowen , M. V. D'Agostino , M. Danninger , C. De Clercq , L. Demirörs , O. Depaepe , F. Descamps , P. Desiati , G. de Vries-Uiterweerd , T. DeYoung , J. C. Díaz-Vélez , J. Dreyer , J. P. Dumm , M. R. Duvoort , R. Ehrlich , J. Eisch , R. W. Ellsworth , O. Engdegård , S. Euler , P. A. Evenson , O. Fadiran , A. R. Fazely , T. Feusels , K. Filimonov , C. Finley , M. M. Foerster , B. D. Fox , A. Franckowiak , R. Franke , T. K. Gaisser , J. Gallagher , R. Ganugapati , M. Geisler , L. Gerhardt , L. Gladstone , A. Goldschmidt , J. A. Goodman , D. Grant , T. Griesel , A. Groß , S. Grullon , R. M. Gunasingha , M. Gurtner , C. Ha , A. Hallgren , F. Halzen , K. Han , K. Hanson , Y. Hasegawa , J. Haugen , K. Helbing , P. Herquet , S. Hickford , G. C. Hill , K. D. Hoffman , A. Homeier , K. Hoshina , D. Hubert , W. Huelsnitz , J. -P. Hülß , P. O. Hulth , K. Hultqvist , S. Hussain , R. L. Imlay , M. Inaba , A. Ishihara , J. Jacobsen , G. S. Japaridze , H. Johansson , J. M. Joseph , K. -H. Kampert , A. Kappes , T. Karg , A. Karle , J. L. Kelley , N. Kemming , P. Kenny , J. Kiryluk , F. Kislat , N. Kitamura , S. R. Klein , S. Knops , G. Kohnen , H. Kolanoski , L. Köpke , D. J. Koskinen , M. Kowalski , T. Kowarik , M. Krasberg , T. Krings , G. Kroll , K. Kuehn , T. Kuwabara , M. Labare , S. Lafebre , K. Laihem , H. Landsman , R. Lauer , A. Laundrie , R. Lehmann , D. Lennarz , J. Lünemann , J. Madsen , P. Majumdar , R. Maruyama , K. Mase , H. S. Matis , M. Matusik , K. Meagher , M. Merck , P. Mészáros , T. Meures , E. Middell , N. Milke , H. Miyamoto , T. Montaruli , R. Morse , S. M. Movit , R. Nahnhauer , J. W. Nam , U. Naumann , P. Nießen , D. R. Nygren , S. Odrowski , A. Olivas , M. Olivo , M. Ono , S. Panknin , L. Paul , C. Pérez de los Heros , J. Petrovic , A. Piegsa , D. Pieloth , A. C. Pohl , R. Porrata , J. Posselt , P. B. Price , M. Prikockis , G. T. Przybylski , K. Rawlins , P. Redl , E. Resconi , W. Rhode , M. Ribordy , A. Rizzo , P. Robl , J. P. Rodrigues , P. Roth , F. Rothmaier , C. Rott , C. Roucelle , D. Rutledge , B. Ruzybayev , D. Ryckbosch , H. -G. Sander , P. Sandstrom , S. Sarkar , K. Schatto , S. Schlenstedt , T. Schmidt , D. Schneider , A. Schukraft , A. Schultes , O. Schulz , M. Schunck , D. Seckel , B. Semburg , S. H. Seo , Y. Sestayo , S. Seunarine , A. Silvestri , A. Slipak , G. M. Spiczak , C. Spiering , M. Stamatikos , T. Stanev , G. Stephens , T. Stezelberger , R. G. Stokstad , S. Stoyanov , E. A. Strahler , T. Straszheim , G. W. Sullivan , Q. Swillens , I. Taboada , A. Tamburro , O. Tarasova , A. Tepe , S. Ter-Antonyan , C. Terranova , S. Tilav , P. A. Toale , D. Tosi , D. Turcan , N. van Eijndhoven , J. Vandenbroucke , A. Van Overloop , J. van Santen , B. Voigt , D. Wahl , C. Walck , T. Waldenmaier , M. Wallraff , M. Walter , C. Wendt , S. Westerhoff , N. Whitehorn , K. Wiebe , C. H. Wiebusch , G. Wikström , D. R. Williams , R. Wischnewski , H. Wissing , K. Woschnagg , C. Xu , X. W. Xu , G. Yodh , S. Yoshida , P. Zarzhitsky

The IceCube Data Acquisition System: Signal Capture, Digitization, and Timestamping

IceCube is a km-scale neutrino observatory under construction at the South Pole with sensors both in the deep ice (InIce) and on the surface (IceTop). The sensors, called Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), detect, digitize and timestamp the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-08-27 The IceCube Collaboration

A self-monitoring precision calibration light source for large-volume neutrino telescopes

With the rise of neutrino astronomy using large-volume detector arrays, calibration improvements of optical media and photosensors have emerged as significant means to reduce detector systematics. To improve understanding of the detector…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-26 F. Henningsen , M. Boehmer , A. Gärtner , L. Geilen , R. Gernhäuser , H. Heggen , K. Holzapfel , C. Fruck , L. Papp , I. C. Rea , E. Resconi , F. Schmuckermaier , C. Spannfellner , M. Traxler

Design of an Efficient, High-Throughput Photomultiplier Tube Testing Facility for the IceCube Upgrade

The IceCube Upgrade is an extension of the IceCube detector at the geographic South Pole. It consists of seven new strings with novel instrumentation. More than 430 multi-PMT optical modules called "mDOMs", housing 24 3-inch PMTs each, will…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-22 Lasse Halve , Johannes Werthebach

First Results from IceCube

IceCube is a 1 km$^3$ neutrino observatory being built to study neutrino production in active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, supernova remnants, and a host of other astrophysical sources. High-energy neutrinos may signal the sources of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Spencer R. Klein

Refining the IceCube detector geometry using muon and LED calibration data

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory deployed 5160 digital optical modules (DOMs) on 86 cables, called strings, in a cubic kilometer of deep glacial ice below the geographic South Pole. These record the Cherenkov light of passing charged…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-11 Matti Janson , Saskia Philippen , Martin Rongen

Status and performance of mass-produced IceCube Upgrade mDOMs

IceCube Upgrade, starting in the Antarctic summer season 2025/2026, will enhance the sensitivity of the current IceCube in the GeV range and improve understanding of the ice properties. Around 700 new modules will be deployed deep in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-11 Satoshi Fukami

Electronics Development for the New Photo-Detectors (PDOM and D-Egg) for IceCube-Upgrade

The planned IceCube-Upgrade will enhance the capability of IceCube in the detection of GeV-scale neutrino physics and enable an improved measurement of the properties of the glacial ice. Three types of new optical sensors will be deployed…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-04 Ryo Nagai , Aya Ishihara

The DICE calibration project: design, characterization, and first results

We describe the design, operation, and first results of a photometric calibration project, called DICE (Direct Illumination Calibration Experiment), aiming at achieving precise instrumental calibration of optical telescopes. The heart of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-02 N. Regnault , A. Guyonnet , K. Schahmanèche , L. Le Guillou , P. Antilogus , P. Astier , E. Barrelet , M. Betoule , S. Bongard , J. -C. Cuillandre , C. Juramy , R. Pain , P. -F. Rocci , P. Tisserand , F. Villa

An Acoustic Calibration System for the IceCube Upgrade

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory will be upgraded with about 700 additional optical sensor modules and new calibration devices. Particularly, improved calibration will enhance IceCube's physics capabilities both at low and high neutrino…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-06 Dirk Heinen , Shefali , Roxanne Turcotte , Lars Steffen Weinstock , Christopher Wiebusch , Simon Zierke

Calibration of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory instruments roughly one cubic kilometer of deep, glacial ice below the geographic South Pole with 5160 optical sensors to register the Cherenkov light of passing relativistic, charged particles. Since its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-26 Martin Rongen