Related papers: Elementary particles in the early Universe
We consider the minimal version of an extension of the standard electroweak model based on the $SU(3)_c \times SU(3)_L \times U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry (the 3-3-1 model). We analyze the most general potential constructed from three scalars in…
New field content beyond that of the Standard Model of particle physics can alter the thermal history of electroweak symmetry breaking in the early universe. In particular, the symmetry breaking may have occurred through a sequence of…
These four lectures constitute a gentle introduction to what may lie beyond the standard model of quarks and leptons interacting through $SU(3)_c \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes U(1)_Y$ gauge bosons, prepared for an audience of graduate students in…
This presentation includes an introductory discussion of the unification of fundamental forces, properties of the elementary particles, Quantum Electrodynamics, the transition from Quantum Electrodynamics and Weak Interactions to…
The progress of Particle Physics is closely linked to the progress in the understanding of the fundamental constants, like the finestructure constant, the mass of the electron or nucleon, or the electroweak mixing angle. The relation…
A generalized theory of electroweak interaction is developed based on the underlying geometrical structure of the tangent bundle with symmetries arising from transformations of tangent vectors along the fiber axis at a fixed space-time…
The standard model of particle physics is analyzed for the case of a Higgs potential not favoring spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking to gain insight into the physics of the standard model. Electroweak breaking still takes place, and…
Gauge invariance is a powerful tool to determine the dynamical forces among the fundamental constituents of matter. The particle content, structure and symmetries of the Standard Model Lagrangian are discussed. Special emphasis is given to…
We discuss new ideas that the Standard Model might be emergent with connection to electroweak vacuum stability and related consequences for cosmology. In this scenario, the gauge symmetries and particles of the Standard Model would be…
We describe in the context of the particle physics (PP) standard model (SM) `PP-SM' the understanding of the primordial properties and composition of the Universe in the temperature range $130\GeV>T>20\keV$. The Universe evolution is…
Theoretical investigations into the evolution of the early universe are an essential part of particle physics that allow us to identify viable extensions to the Standard Model as well as motivated parameter space that can be probed by…
The current description of fundamental interactions is based on two theories with the status of standard models. The electromagnetic and nuclear interactions are described at a quantum level by the Standard Model of particle physics, using…
Standard theories of electroweak interactions are based on the concept of a gauge symmetry broken by the Higgs mechanism. If they are placed in an environment with a sufficiently high temperature, the symmetry gets restored. It turns out…
We compute the complete one-loop finite temperature effective potential for electroweak symmetry breaking in the Standard Model with a Higgs potential supplemented by higher dimensional operators as generated for instance in composite Higgs…
We analyse and compare the finite-temperature electroweak phase transition properties of classically (non)conformal extensions of the Standard Model. In the classically conformal scenarios the breaking of the electroweak symmetry is…
The Standard Model of electroweak interactions has been recast as a gauge free theory where the fields present in the Lagrangian are made inert under $SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ gauge transformations. Furthermore, the residual $U(1)_{em}$ gauge…
We consider a minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, with right-handed neutrinos and local B-L, the difference between baryon and lepton number, a symmetry which is spontaneously broken at the scale of grand unification. To…
The electroweak symmetry may be broken by a composite Higgs which arises naturally as a bound state of the top quark if the standard model gauge fields and fermions propagate in extra dimenions. The top quark mass and the Higgs mass can be…
We extend our previous determination of the thermodynamic pressure of the Standard Model so that the result can be applied down to temperatures corresponding to the electroweak crossover. This requires a further resummation which can be…
We study the interactions of quarks and antiquarks with the changing Higgs field during the electroweak phase transition, including quantum mechanical and some thermal effects, with the only source of CP violation being the known CKM phase.…