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This paper presents an adaptive level generation algorithm for the physics-based puzzle game Angry Birds. The proposed algorithm is based on a pre-existing level generator for this game, but where the difficulty of the generated levels can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Matthew Stephenson , Jochen Renz

With the advancement in generative language models, the selection of prompts has gained significant attention in recent years. A prompt is an instruction or description provided by the user, serving as a guide for the generative language…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-21 Haoting Zhang , Jinghai He , Rhonda Righter , Zeyu Zheng

In this work, we consider an online robust Markov Decision Process (MDP) where we have the information of finitely many prototypes of the underlying transition kernel. We consider an adaptively updated ambiguity set of the prototypes and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Shuo Sun , Meng Qi , Zuo-Jun Max Shen

Introduction: The application of Artificial Intelligence in games has evolved significantly, allowing for dynamic content generation. However, its use as a core gameplay co-creation tool remains underexplored. Objective: This paper proposes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Emanuel C. Silva , Emily S. M. Salum , Gabriel M. Arantes , Matheus P. Pereira , Vinicius F. Oliveira , Alessandro L. Bicho

Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven to be useful tools in various domains outside of the field of their inception, which was natural language processing. In this study, we provide practical directions on how to use LLMs to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Muhammad U Nasir , Julian Togelius

Pretrained language models (PLMs) have made remarkable progress in text generation tasks via fine-tuning. While, it is challenging to fine-tune PLMs in a data-scarce situation. Therefore, it is non-trivial to develop a general and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Junyi Li , Tianyi Tang , Jian-Yun Nie , Ji-Rong Wen , Wayne Xin Zhao

Neural video game simulators emerged as powerful tools to generate and edit videos. Their idea is to represent games as the evolution of an environment's state driven by the actions of its agents. While such a paradigm enables users to play…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Willi Menapace , Aliaksandr Siarohin , Stéphane Lathuilière , Panos Achlioptas , Vladislav Golyanik , Sergey Tulyakov , Elisa Ricci

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong potential for narrative generation, but their use in complex, multi-layered role-playing game (RPG) worlds is still limited by issues of coherence, controllability, and structural consistency.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Dominik Borawski , Marta Szulc , Robert Chudy , Małgorzata Giedrowicz , Piotr Mironowicz

Constraint-based game content generators that learn local constraints from existing content, such as Wave Function Collapse (WFC), can generate visually satisfying game levels but face challenges in guaranteeing global properties, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Debosmita Bhaumik , Julian Togelius , Georgios N. Yannakakis , Ahmed Khalifa

In recent years, the pen and paper RPG market has experienced significant growth. As a result, companies are increasingly exploring the integration of AI technologies to enhance player experience and gain a competitive edge. One of the key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jolanta Śliwa

Procedural content generation has enabled vast virtual worlds through levels, maps, and quests, but large-scale character generation remains underexplored. We identify two alignment-induced biases in existing methods: a positive moral bias,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Maan Qraitem , Kate Saenko , Bryan A. Plummer

In level co-creation an AI and human work together to create a video game level. One open challenge in level co-creation is how to empower human users to ensure particular qualities of the final level, such as challenge. There has been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Andrew Hoyt , Matthew Guzdial , Yalini Kumar , Gillian Smith , Mark O. Riedl

This paper describes an avenue for artificial and computational intelligence techniques applied within games research to be deployed for purposes of physical therapy. We provide an overview of prototypical research focussed on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Shabnam Sadeghi Esfahlani , Tommy Thompson

We present a novel architecture for safely integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into interactive game engines, allowing players to "program" new behaviors using natural language. Our framework mitigates risks by using an LLM to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Austin Drake , Hang Dong

Human-aligned AI is a critical component of co-creativity, as it enables models to accurately interpret human intent and generate controllable outputs that align with design goals in collaborative content creation. This direction is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-14 In-Chang Baek , Seoyoung Lee , Sung-Hyun Kim , Geumhwan Hwang , KyungJoong Kim

Video game level generation based on machine learning (ML), in particular, deep generative models, has attracted attention as a technique to automate level generation. However, applications of existing ML-based level generations are mostly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Takumi Tanabe , Kazuto Fukuchi , Jun Sakuma , Youhei Akimoto

The transition from professionally generated content (PGC) to user-generated content (UGC) has reshaped various media formats, encompassing formats such as text and video. With rapid advancements in generative AI, a similar transformation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Lei Zhang , Xuezheng Peng , Shuyi Yang , Feiyang Wang

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown impressive results in a variety of domains, learning directly from high-dimensional sensory streams. However, when neural networks are trained in a fixed environment, such as a single level in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Niels Justesen , Ruben Rodriguez Torrado , Philip Bontrager , Ahmed Khalifa , Julian Togelius , Sebastian Risi

Controllable video generation aims to synthesize video content that aligns precisely with user-provided conditions, such as text descriptions and initial images. However, a significant challenge persists in this domain: existing models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Peng Hu , Yu Gu , Liang Luo , Fuji Ren

Generative design (GD) methods aim to automatically generate a wide variety of designs that satisfy functional or aesthetic design requirements. However, research to date generally lacks considerations of manufacturability of the generated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Zhichao Wang , Xiaoliang Yan , Shreyes Melkote , David Rosen