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We introduce Multiplicative Modular Nim (MuM), a variant of Nim in which the traditional nim-sum is replaced by heap-size multiplication modulo m. We establish a complete theory for this game, beginning with a direct, Bouton-style analysis…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Satyam Tyagi

Subtraction games is a class of impartial combinatorial games, They with finite subtraction sets are known to have periodic nim-sequences. So people try to find the regular of the games. But for specific of Sprague-Grundy Theory, it is too…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Zhihui Qin , Guanglei He

We study algorithms for solving Subtraction games, which sometimes are referred to as one-heap Nim games. We describe a quantum algorithm which is applicable to any game on DAG, and show that its query compexity for solving an arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-13 Kamil Khadiev , Dmitry Kravchenko

This article concerns the resolution of impartial combinatorial games, and in particular games that can be split in sums of independent positions. We prove that in order to compute the outcome of a sum of independent positions, it is always…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-11-29 Julien Lemoine , Simon Viennot

We propose a variant of Nim, named StrNim. Whereas a position in Nim is a tuple of non-negative integers, that in StrNim is a string, a sequence of characters. In every turn, each player shrinks the string, by removing a substring repeating…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shota Mizuno , Ryo Yoshinaka , Ayumi Shinohara

A Subtraction-Division game is a two player combinatorial game with three parameters: a set S, a set D, and a number n. The game starts at n, and is a race to say the number 1. Each player, on their turn, can either move the total to n-s…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-05 Elizabeth Kupin

{\sc Yama Nim} is a variant of two piles {\sc Nim}. In this ruleset, the player chosses one of the piles and removes at least two tokens from the pile. In the same move, the player adds one token to the other pile. We show the winning…

Combinatorial Game Theory has also been called `additive game theory', whenever the analysis involves sums of independent game components. Such {\em disjunctive sums} invoke comparison between games, which allows abstract values to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-29 Urban Larsson , Richard J. Nowakowski , Carlos P. Santos

A finite impartial game is a two-player game in which the players take turns making moves and the game ends after finitely many moves. In this paper, we study a class of finite impartial games introduced by H.~Lenstra, which we call coin…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Masao Ishikawa , Toyokazu Ohmoto , Hiroyuki Tagawa , Yoshiki Takayama

The game of i-Mark is an impartial combinatorial game introduced by Sopena (2016). The game is parametrized by two sets of positive integers $S$, $D$, where $\min D\ge 2$. From position $n\ge 0$ one can move to any position $n-s$, $s\in S$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Gabriel Nivasch , Oz Rubinstein

The following problem is considered. Two players are each required to allocate a quota of~$n$ counters among~$k$ boxes labelled~$1,2,\ldots,k$. At times $t=1,2,3,\ldots$ a random box is identified; the probability of choosing box~$i$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-06 Robin K. S. Hankin

We study variations of classical combinatorial games on two finite heaps of tokens, a.k.a. \emph{subtraction games}. Given non-negative integers $p_1,q_1, p_2,q_2$, where $p_1q_2 > q_1p_2$, $p_1>0$ and $q_2>0$, two players alternate in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-09 Urban Larsson

In this paper, we consider a modular extension to the game of Nim, which we call $m$-Modular Nim, and explore its optimal strategy. In $m$-Modular Nim, a player can either make a standard Nim move or remove a multiple of $m$ tokens in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-31 Tanya Khovanova , Karan Sarkar

We present take-away games whose Sprague-Grundy functions are given by the Nim sum of heap sizes in a mixed base $\beta$. Let $\Delta_\beta$ be the set of such games. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-09 Yuki Irie

In this paper, we introduce and examine a variant of the game of Nim (Sharing Nim), where players can either remove or transfer objects from 1 pile to another. The only restriction is that players may not transfer objects from a pile of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-05 Donghyun Kim

We consider various probabilistic games with piles for one player or two players. In each round of the game, a player randomly chooses to add $a$ or $b$ chips to his pile under the condition that $a$ and $b$ are not necessarily positive. If…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Ho-Hon Leung , Thotsaporn "Aek'' Thanatipanonda

We consider a subtraction Nim with subtraction set {s_1,s_2,s_3={2,4n,4n+2}, where n is a positive integer such that n >= 3. We do not treat the case that n=1 or n=2 in this article. We show that this game satisfies the reverse-mex property…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Urban Larsson , Hikaru Manabe , Ryohei Miyadera

A partially parallel dynamical noisy binary choice (Ising) game in discrete time of $N$ players on complete graphs with $k$ players having a possibility of changing their strategies at each time moment called $k$-flip Ising game is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Kovalenko Aleksandr , Andrey Leonidov

A combinatorial game is a two-player game without hidden information or chance elements. The main object of combinatorial game theory is to obtain the outcome, which player has a winning strategy, of a given combinatorial game. Positions of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Kengo Hashimoto

The $k$-majority game is played with $n$ numbered balls, each coloured with one of two colours. It is given that there are at least $k$ balls of the majority colour, where $k$ is a fixed integer greater than $n/2$. On each turn the player…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-25 John R. Britnell , Mark Wildon