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We introduce a dataset comprising commercial machine translations, gathered weekly over six years across 12 translation directions. Since human A/B testing is commonly used, we assume commercial systems improve over time, which enables us…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Guojun Wu , Shay B. Cohen , Rico Sennrich

When training multilingual machine translation (MT) models that can translate to/from multiple languages, we are faced with imbalanced training sets: some languages have much more training data than others. Standard practice is to up-sample…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Xinyi Wang , Yulia Tsvetkov , Graham Neubig

The recent advances introduced by neural machine translation (NMT) are rapidly expanding the application fields of machine translation, as well as reshaping the quality level to be targeted. In particular, if translations have to fit some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Surafel Melaku Lakew , Mattia Di Gangi , Marcello Federico

Machine Translation (MT) evaluation metrics assess translation quality automatically. Recently, researchers have employed MT metrics for various new use cases, such as data filtering and translation re-ranking. However, most MT metrics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Stefano Perrella , Lorenzo Proietti , Pere-Lluís Huguet Cabot , Edoardo Barba , Roberto Navigli

Neural metrics trained on human evaluations of MT tend to correlate well with human judgments, but their behavior is not fully understood. In this paper, we perform a controlled experiment and compare a baseline metric that has not been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Jannis Vamvas , Tobias Domhan , Sony Trenous , Rico Sennrich , Eva Hasler

We study two problems in neural machine translation (NMT). First, in beam search, whereas a wider beam should in principle help translation, it often hurts NMT. Second, NMT has a tendency to produce translations that are too short. Here, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Kenton Murray , David Chiang

Automatic machine translation metrics typically rely on human translations to determine the quality of system translations. Common wisdom in the field dictates that the human references should be of very high quality. However, there are no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Vilém Zouhar , Ondřej Bojar

Quality Estimation (QE) metrics are vital in machine translation for reference-free evaluation and increasingly serve as selection criteria in data filtering and candidate reranking. However, the prevalence and impact of length bias in QE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yilin Zhang , Wenda Xu , Zhongtao Liu , Tetsuji Nakagawa , Markus Freitag

Neural Machine Translation systems built on top of Transformer-based architectures are routinely improving the state-of-the-art in translation quality according to word-overlap metrics. However, a growing number of studies also highlight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Shanya Sharma , Manan Dey , Koustuv Sinha

Machine Translation models are trained to translate a variety of documents from one language into another. However, models specifically trained for a particular characteristics of the documents tend to perform better. Fine-tuning is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Alberto Poncelas , Gideon Maillette de Buy Wenniger , Andy Way

Alignment with human preferences is an important step in developing accurate and safe large language models. This is no exception in machine translation (MT), where better handling of language nuances and context-specific variations leads…

The high-quality translation results produced by machine translation (MT) systems still pose a huge challenge for automatic evaluation. Current MT evaluation pays the same attention to each sentence component, while the questions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Runzhe Zhan , Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

We present MetaMetrics-MT, an innovative metric designed to evaluate machine translation (MT) tasks by aligning closely with human preferences through Bayesian optimization with Gaussian Processes. MetaMetrics-MT enhances existing MT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 David Anugraha , Garry Kuwanto , Lucky Susanto , Derry Tanti Wijaya , Genta Indra Winata

Neural machine translation (NMT) systems amplify lexical biases present in their training data, leading to artificially impoverished language in output translations. These language-level characteristics render automatic translations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Huiyuan Lai , Esther Ploeger , Rik van Noord , Antonio Toral

Recent studies have proven that the training of neural machine translation (NMT) can be facilitated by mimicking the learning process of humans. Nevertheless, achievements of such kind of curriculum learning rely on the quality of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Yu Wan , Baosong Yang , Derek F. Wong , Yikai Zhou , Lidia S. Chao , Haibo Zhang , Boxing Chen

Machine translation has an undesirable propensity to produce "translationese" artifacts, which can lead to higher BLEU scores while being liked less by human raters. Motivated by this, we model translationese and original (i.e. natural)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Parker Riley , Isaac Caswell , Markus Freitag , David Grangier

Automatic metrics for evaluating translation quality are typically validated by measuring how well they correlate with human assessments. However, correlation methods tend to capture only the ability of metrics to differentiate between good…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Sweta Agrawal , António Farinhas , Ricardo Rei , André F. T. Martins

Automatic metrics are fundamental for the development and evaluation of machine translation systems. Judging whether, and to what extent, automatic metrics concur with the gold standard of human evaluation is not a straightforward problem.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Nitika Mathur , Timothy Baldwin , Trevor Cohn

Machine translation (MT) systems, especially when designed for an industrial setting, are trained with general parallel data derived from the Web. Thus, their style is typically driven by word/structure distribution coming from the average…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Thuy Vu , Alessandro Moschitti

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in machine translation, demonstrating impressive performance across diverse languages. However, translationese, characterized by overly literal and unnatural translations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Yafu Li , Ronghao Zhang , Zhilin Wang , Huajian Zhang , Leyang Cui , Yongjing Yin , Tong Xiao , Yue Zhang
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