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We derive a lower bound on the smallest singular value of a random $d$-regular matrix, that is, the adjacency matrix of a random $d$-regular directed graph. More precisely, let $C_1<d< c_1 n/\log^2 n$ and let $\mathcal{M}_{n,d}$ be the set…

Consider a $N\times n$ random matrix $Y_n=(Y_{ij}^{n})$ where the entries are given by $Y_{ij}^{n}=\frac{\sigma(i/N,j/n)}{\sqrt{n}} X_{ij}^{n}$, the $X_{ij}^{n}$ being centered i.i.d. and $\sigma:[0,1]^2 \to (0,\infty)$ being a continuous…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 W. Hachem , P. Loubaton , J. Najim

We consider large random matrices $X$ with centered, independent entries which have comparable but not necessarily identical variances. Girko's circular law asserts that the spectrum is supported in a disk and in case of identical…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-14 Johannes Alt , Laszlo Erdos , Torben Krüger

We consider the normalized adjacency matrix of a random $d$-regular graph on $N$ vertices with any fixed degree $d\geq 3$ and denote its eigenvalues as $\lambda_1=d/\sqrt{d-1}\geq \lambda_2\geq\lambda_3\cdots\geq \lambda_N$. We establish…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Jiaoyang Huang , Theo McKenzie , Horng-Tzer Yau

We consider $n\times n$ non-Hermitian random matrices with independent entries and a variance profile, as well as an additive deterministic diagonal deformation. We show that their empirical eigenvalue distribution converges to a limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Johannes Alt , Torben Krüger

For each $N\geq 1$, let $G_N$ be a simple random graph on the set of vertices $[N]=\{1,2, ..., N\}$, which is invariant by relabeling of the vertices. The asymptotic behavior as $N$ goes to infinity of correlation functions: $$ \mathfrak…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-30 Camille Male , Sandrine Péché

A random geometric digraph $G_n$ is constructed by taking $\{X_1,X_2,... X_n\}$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$ independently at random with a common bounded density function. Each vertex $X_i$ is assigned at random a sector $S_i$ of central angle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Yilun Shang

This paper investigates the strong limiting behavior of the eigenvalues of the class of matrices $\frac1N(D_n\circ X_n)(D_n\circ X_n)^*$, studied in Girko 2001. Here, $X_n=(x_{ij})$ is an $n\times N$ random matrix consisting of independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-10 Jack W. Silverstein

Let $X$ be an $n\times n$ matrix with independent and identically distributed entries $x_{ij} \stackrel{\text { d }}{=} n^{-1 / 2} x$ for some complex random variable $x$ of mean zero and variance one. Let $\{\sigma_i\}_{1\le i\le n}$ be…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Xinchen Hu , Yutao Ma

Suppose that A_1,\dots, A_N are independent random matrices whose atoms are iid copies of a random variable \xi of mean zero and variance one. It is known from the works of Newman et. al. in the late 80s that when \xi is gaussian then…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-07-13 Hoi H. Nguyen

We introduce and carefully study a natural probability measure over the numerical range of a complex matrix $A \in M_n(\C)$. This numerical measure $\mu_A$ can be defined as the law of the random variable $<AX,X> \in \C$ when the vector $X…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2010-09-09 Thierry Gallay , Denis Serre

We study the spectral measure of large Euclidean random matrices. The entries of these matrices are determined by the relative position of $n$ random points in a compact set $\Omega_n$ of $\R^d$. Under various assumptions we establish the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-12-12 Charles Bordenave

We investigate the spectrum of the infinitesimal generator of the continuous time random walk on a randomly weighted oriented graph. This is the non-Hermitian random nxn matrix L defined by L(j,k)=X(j,k) if k<>j and…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-02-18 Charles Bordenave , Pietro Caputo , Djalil Chafai

Consider the $n\times n$ matrix $X_n=A_n+H_n$, where $A_n$ is a $n\times n$ matrix (either deterministic or random) and $H_n$ is a $n\times n$ matrix independent from $A_n$ drawn from complex Ginibre ensemble. We study the limiting…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Roman Sarapin

Let $S_n=\frac{1}{n}X_nX_n^*$ where $X_n=\{X_{ij}\}$ is a $p\times n$ matrix with i.i.d. complex standardized entries having finite fourth moments. Let $Y_n(\mathbf {t}_1,\mathbf {t}_2,\sigma)=\sqrt{p}({\mathbf {x}}_n(\mathbf…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-04 Z. D. Bai , H. X. Liu , W. K. Wong

It is shown that there exists a sequence of 3-regular graphs $\{G_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$ and a Hadamard space $X$ such that $\{G_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$ forms an expander sequence with respect to $X$, yet random regular graphs are not expanders with…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-11-03 Manor Mendel , Assaf Naor

We investigate concentration properties of spectral measures of Hermitian random matrices with partially dependent entries. More precisely, let $X_n$ be a Hermitian random matrix of size $n\times n$ that can be split into independent blocks…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-31 Bartłomiej Polaczyk

We study random normal matrix models whose eigenvalues tend to be distributed within a narrow "band" around the unit circle of width proportional to $\frac1n$, where $n$ is the size of matrices. For general radially symmetric potentials…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-22 Sung-Soo Byun , Seong-Mi Seo

The circular unitary ensemble and its generalizations concern a random matrix from a compact classical group $\mathrm{U}(N)$, $\mathrm{SU}(N)$, $\mathrm{O}(N)$, $\mathrm{SO}(N)$ or $\mathrm{USp}(N)$ distributed according to the Haar…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-07 Bence Borda

The celebrated elliptic law describes the distribution of eigenvalues of random matrices with correlations between off-diagonal pairs of elements, having applications to a wide range of physical and biological systems. Here, we investigate…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-09-09 Pau Vilimelis Aceituno , Tim Rogers , Henning Schomerus