Related papers: When slower is faster
Advanced traffic navigation systems, which provide routing recommendations to drivers based on real-time congestion information, are nowadays widely adopted by roadway transportation users. Yet, the emerging effects on the traffic dynamics…
Computer systems can be found everywhere: in space, in our homes, in our cars, in our pockets, and sometimes even in our own bodies. For concerns of safety, economy, and convenience, it is important that such systems work correctly.…
It is proposed that self-organisation (SO) in non-equilibrium systems is governed by a general principle: it emerges when a minute subset of system configurations are exceptionally stable and long-lived to survive the noise generated by the…
Errors might not have the same consequences depending on the task at hand. Nevertheless, there is limited research investigating the impact of imbalance in the contribution of different features in an error vector. Therefore, we propose the…
During the use of advanced driver assistance systems, drivers frequently intervene into the active driving function and adjust the system's behavior to their personal wishes. These active driver-initiated takeovers contain feedback about…
Problem solving (e.g., drug design, traffic engineering, software development) by task forces represents a substantial portion of the economy of developed countries. Here we use an agent-based model of cooperative problem solving systems to…
In this paper, we investigate the dynamic emergence of traffic order in a distributed multi-agent system, aiming to minimize inefficiencies that stem from unnecessary structural impositions. We introduce a methodology for developing a…
The effect of burstiness in complex networks has received considerable attention. In particular, its effect on temporal distance and delays in the air transportation system is significant owing to their huge impact on our society.…
The aim of this paper is to study the effect of cooperation on system delay, quantified as the number of retransmissions required to deliver a broadcast message to all intended receivers. Unlike existing works on broadcast scenarios, where…
Algorithmic education theory examines, among other things, the trade-off between reviewing old material and studying new material: time spent learning the new comes at the expense of reviewing and solidifying one's understanding of the old.…
Cooperation for public goods poses a dilemma, where individuals are tempted to free ride on others' contributions. Classic solutions involve monitoring, reputation maintenance and costly incentives, but there are important collective…
When a dynamical system contains several different modes of oscillations it may behave in a variety of ways: If the modes oscillate at their own individual frequencies, it exhibits quasiperiodic behavior; when the modes lock to one another…
In reinforcement learning (RL), dealing with non-stationarity is a challenging issue. However, some domains such as traffic optimization are inherently non-stationary. Causes for and effects of this are manifold. In particular, when dealing…
While much effort has been invested in studies of traffic flow as a physics problem, two emerging trends in technology have broadened the subject for new investigations. The first trend is the development of self-driving vehicles. This…
Traffic congestion has become an inevitable challenge in large cities due to population increases and expansion of urban areas. Various approaches are introduced to mitigate traffic issues, encompassing from expanding the road…
Noise plays a fundamental role in a wide variety of physical and biological dynamical systems. It can arise from an external forcing or due to random dynamics internal to the system. It is well established that even weak noise can result in…
Many researchers work on improving the data efficiency of machine learning. What would happen if they succeed? This paper explores the social-economic impact of increased data efficiency. Specifically, we examine the intuition that data…
Innovation is to organizations what evolution is to organisms: it is how organisations adapt to changes in the environment and improve. Governments, institutions and firms that innovate are more likely to prosper and stand the test of time;…
In machine learning systems, bias mitigation approaches aim to make outcomes fairer across privileged and unprivileged groups. Bias mitigation methods work in different ways and have known "waterfall" effects, e.g., mitigating bias at one…
We consider the low-prevalence linearized SEIR epidemic model for a society that has resolved to keep future infections low in anticipation of a vaccine. The society can vary its amount of potentially-infection-spreading activity over time,…