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We show that extending an embedding of a graph $\Gamma$ in a surface to an embedding of a Hamiltonian supergraph can be blocked by certain planar subgraphs but, for some subdivisions of $\Gamma$, Hamiltonian extensions must exist.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-04 Paul C. Kainen , Shannon Overbay

The codegree of an irreducible character $\chi$ of a finite group $G$ is defined as $|G:\ker\chi|/\chi(1)$. The codegree graph $\Gamma(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the prime divisors of $|G|$, where two distinct…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Jiyong Chen , Ni Du , Leyi Li

Modular Decomposition focuses on repeatedly identifying a module M (a collection of vertices that shares exactly the same neighbourhood outside of M) and collapsing it into a single vertex. This notion of exactitude of neighbourhood is very…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Michel Habib , Lalla Mouatadid , Eric Sopena , Mengchuan Zou

For a congruence subgroup $\Gamma$, we define the notion of $\Gamma$-equivalence on binary quadratic forms which is the same as proper equivalence if $\Gamma = \mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb Z)$. We develop a theory on $\Gamma$-equivalence such as…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-02 Bumkyu Cho

The \emph{difference subgroup graph} $D(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is defined as the graph whose vertices are the non-trivial proper subgroups of $G$, with two distinct vertices $H$ and $K$ adjacent if and only if $\langle H, K \rangle = G$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Angsuman Das , Arnab Mandal , Labani Sarkar

We show that every group $H$ of at most exponential growth with respect to some left invariant metric admits a bi-Lipschitz embedding into a finitely generated group $G$ such that $G$ is amenable (respectively, solvable, satisfies a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-19 A. Olshanskii , D. Osin

The isomorphism problem for infinite finitely presented groups is probably the hardest among standard algorithmic problems in group theory. Classes of groups where it has been completely solved are nilpotent groups, hyperbolic groups, and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Vladimir Shpilrain

Let $G$ be a finite insoluble group with soluble radical $ R(G)$. The solubility graph $\Gamma_{\rm S}(G)$ of $G$ is a simple graph whose vertices are the elements of $G\setminus R(G) $ and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-29 Mina Poozesh , Yousef Zamani

The task of finding an extension to a given partial drawing of a graph while adhering to constraints on the representation has been extensively studied in the literature, with well-known results providing efficient algorithms for…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Sujoy Bhore , Robert Ganian , Liana Khazaliya , Fabrizio Montecchiani , Martin Nöllenburg

Recently, one has seen a surge of interest in developing such methods including ones for learning such representations for (undirected) graphs (while preserving important properties). However, most of the work to date on embedding graphs…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Jiankai Sun , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

The Dulmage--Mendelsohn decomposition (or the DM-decomposition) gives a unique partition of the vertex set of a bipartite graph reflecting the structure of all the maximum matchings therein. A bipartite graph is said to be DM-irreducible if…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Kristóf Bérczi , Satoru Iwata , Jun Kato , Yutaro Yamaguchi

We describe a construction for embeddings of complete graphs where the dual has a cutvertex and the genus is close to the minimum genus of the primal graph. When the number of vertices is congruent to 5 modulo 12, we further guarantee that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-04 Timothy Sun

Let $\Gamma$ be an embeddable non-degenerate polar space of finite rank $n \geq 2$. Assuming that $\Gamma$ admits the universal embedding (which is true for all embeddable polar spaces except grids of order at least $5$ and certain…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-12 Ilaria Cardinali , Luca Giuzzi , Antonio Pasini

In the area of beyond-planar graphs, i.e. graphs that can be drawn with some local restrictions on the edge crossings, the recognition problem is prominent next to the density question for the different graph classes. For 1-planar graphs,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Henry Förster , Michael Kaufmann , Chrysanthi N. Raftopoulou

We show that for a sufficiently simple surface $S$, a right-angled Artin group $A(\Gamma)$ embeds into $\Mod(S)$ if and only if $\Gamma$ embeds into the curve graph $\mC(S)$ as an induced subgraph. When $S$ is sufficiently complicated,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-05-26 Sang-hyun Kim , Thomas Koberda

We prove that every finitely generated, residually finite group $G$ embeds into a finitely generated perfect branch group $\Gamma$ such that many properties of $G$ are preserved under this embedding. Among those are the properties of being…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-06 Steffen Kionke , Eduard Schesler

Let $G$ be a finite group, and let ${\rm{cd}}(G)$ denote the set of degrees of the irreducible complex characters of $G$. The degree graph $\Delta(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the simple undirected graph whose vertex set ${\rm{V}}(G)$ consists…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-06 Zeinab Akhlaghi , Silvio Dolfi , Emanuele Pacifici , Lucia Sanus

The NP-hard general factor problem asks, given a graph and for each vertex a list of integers, whether the graph has a spanning subgraph where each vertex has a degree that belongs to its assigned list. The problem remains NP-hard even if…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Gregory Gutin , Eun Jung Kim , Arezou Soleimanfallah , Stefan Szeider , Anders Yeo

We obtain the following embedding theorem for symbolic dynamical systems. Let $G$ be a countable amenable group with the comparison property. Let $X$ be a strongly aperiodic subshift over $G$. Let $Y$ be a strongly irreducible shift of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Robert Bland

Node embedding is the task of extracting informative and descriptive features over the nodes of a graph. The importance of node embeddings for graph analytics, as well as learning tasks such as node classification, link prediction and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Dimitris Berberidis , Georgios B. Giannakis
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