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Spiking Neural Networks are a type of neural networks where neurons communicate using only spikes. They are often presented as a low-power alternative to classical neural networks, but few works have proven these claims to be true. In this…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Edgar Lemaire , Loic Cordone , Andrea Castagnetti , Pierre-Emmanuel Novac , Jonathan Courtois , Benoit Miramond

The spiking neural network (SNN) computes and communicates information through discrete binary events. It is considered more biologically plausible and more energy-efficient than artificial neural networks (ANN) in emerging neuromorphic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Yang Li , Yi Zeng , Dongcheng Zhao

We propose an all-electric implementation of a precessionally switched perpendicular magnetic anisotropy magneto-tunneling-junction (p-MTJ) based toggle memory cell where data is written with voltage-controlled-magnetic-anisotropy (VCMA)…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-03-29 Justine L. Drobitch , Md Ahsanul Abeed , Supriyo Bandyopadhyay

There exists a significant challenge in developing efficient magnetic tunnel junctions with low write currents for non-volatile memory devices. With the aim of analysing potential materials for efficient current-operated magnetic junctions…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 Matthew O. A. Ellis , Maria Stamenova , Stefano Sanvito

In recent years, the field of antiferromagnetic spintronics has been substantially advanced. Electric-field control is a promising approach to achieving ultra-low power spintronic devices via suppressing Joule heating. In this article,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Han Yan , Zexin Feng , Peixin Qin , Xiaorong Zhou , Huixin Guo , Xiaoning Wang , Hongyu Chen , Xin Zhang , Haojiang Wu , Chengbao Jiang , Zhiqi Liu

The switching speed and the write current required for spin-transfer-torque reversal of spintronic devices such as magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) currently hinder their wide implementation into memory and logic devices. This problem is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-27 Kerem Yunus Camsari , Ahmed Zeeshan Pervaiz , Rafatul Faria , Ernesto E. Marinero , Supriyo Datta

This paper reviews the recent developments on building nanoelectronics for our future information processing paradigm using multiferroic composites. With appropriate choice of materials, when a tiny voltage of few tens of millivolts is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-05 Kuntal Roy

We present a design-scheme for ultra-low power neuromorphic hardware using emerging spin-devices. We propose device models for 'neuron', based on lateral spin valves and domain wall magnets that can operate at ultra-low terminal voltage of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2012-07-19 Mrigank Sharad , Charles Augustine , Georgios Panagopoulos , Kaushik Roy

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are biology-inspired artificial neural networks (ANNs) that comprise of spiking neurons to process asynchronous discrete signals. While more efficient in power consumption and inference speed on the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Shikuang Deng , Shi Gu

Electrical manipulation of spin-polarized current is highly desirable yet tremendously challenging in developing ultracompact spintronic device technology. Here we propose a scheme to realize the all-electrical manipulation of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-09-19 Rui Peng , Jin Yang , Lin Hu , Wee-Liat Ong , Pin Ho , Chit Siong Lau , Junwei Liu , Yee Sin Ang

Recent studies have shown that nonlinear magnetization dynamics excited in nanostructured ferromagnets are applicable to brain-inspired computing such as physical reservoir computing. The previous works have utilized the magnetization…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-26 Tomohiro Taniguchi , Amon Ogihara , Yasuhiro Utsumi , Sumito Tsunegi

Altermagnets with nonrelativistic momentum-dependent spin splitting and compensated net magnetic moments have recently garnered significant interest in spintronics, particularly as pinning layers in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs).…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-10 Long Zhang , Guangxin Ni , Junjie He , Guoying Gao

We introduce a model for an artificial neuron which is based on ballistic transport in a multi-terminal device. Unlike standard configurations, the proposed design embeds the synaptic weights into the active region, thus significantly…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-12-21 George Alexandru Nemnes , Daniela Dragoman

Topologically stable magnetic skyrmion has a much lower depinning current density that may be useful for memory as well as neuromorphic computing. However, skyrmion-based devices suffer from the Magnus force originating from the skyrmion…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Debasis Das , Yunuo Cen , Jianze Wang , Xuanyao Fong

Spintronics is an important emerging technology for data storage and computation. In this field, magnetic skyrmion-based devices are attractive due to their small size and energy consumption. However, controlling the creation, deletion and…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-05-31 Aijaz H. Lone , Selma Amara , Fernando Aguirre , Mario Lanza , H. Fariborzi

Spin-orbitronics, based on both spin and orbital angular momentum, presents a promising pathway for energy-efficient memory and logic devices. Recent studies have demonstrated the emergence of orbital currents in light transition metals…

Spin currents are used to write information in magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices by switching the magnetization direction of one of the ferromagnetic electrodes of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) nanopillar. Different physical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Christopher Safranski , Jonathan Z. Sun , Andrew D. Kent

Present information and communication technologies are largely based on electronic devices, which suffer from heat generation and high power consumption. Alternatives like spintronics and magnonics, which harness the spin degree of freedom,…

We demonstrate that thermally stable perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJs), widely used in spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory, can be actuated with nanosecond pulses to exhibit tunable stochastic behavior. This…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Ahmed Sidi El Valli , Michael Tsao , Dairong Chen , Andrew D. Kent

We propose a new type of multi-bit and energy-efficient magnetic memory based on current-driven, field-free, and highly controlled domain wall motion. A meandering domain wall channel with precisely interspersed pinning regions provides the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Pengxiang Zhang , Wilfried Haensch , Charudatta M. Phatak , Supratik Guha