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This paper is a continuation of the previous work of the first author. We characterize a class of step-two groups introduced in \cite{Li19}, saying GM-groups, via some basic sub-Riemannian geometric properties, including the squared…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-02-22 Hong-Quan Li , Ye Zhang

In this paper we prove the strong Sard conjecture for sub-Riemannian structures on 3-dimensional analytic manifolds. More precisely, given a totally nonholonomic analytic distribution of rank 2 on a 3-dimensional analytic manifold, we…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-10-17 A Belotto da Silva , A Figalli , A Parusiński , L Rifford

We propose global surjectivity theorems of differentiable maps based on second order conditions. Using the homotopy continuation method, we demonstrate that, for a $C^2$ differentiable map from a Hilbert space to a finite-dimensional…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Yacine Chitour , Zhengping Ji , Emmanuel Trélat

The main theorem of Galois theory states that there are no finite group-subgroup pairs with the same invariants. On the other hand, if we consider complex linear reductive groups instead of finite groups, the analogous statement is no…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Solomon

A well-known result of W. Ray asserts that if $C$ is an unbounded convex subset of a Hilbert space, then there is a nonexpansive mapping $T$: $C\to C$ that has no fixed point. In this paper we establish some common fixed point properties…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-23 Anthony T. -M. Lau , Yong Zhang

We establish a sufficient condition for a continuous map, acting on a compact metric space, to have a Baire residual set of points exhibiting historic behavior (also known as irregular points). This criterion applies, for instance, to a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-07-05 Maria Carvalho , Paulo Varandas

We define the notion of the partial order of ends of the Cayley graph of a semigroup. We prove that the structure of the ends of a semigroup is invariant under change of finite generating set and at the same time is inherited by…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-04 S. Craik , R. Gray , V. Kilibarda , J. D. Mitchell , N. Ruskuc

We consider a family of variational problems on a Hilbert manifold parameterized by an open subset of a Banach manifold, and we discuss the genericity of the nondegeneracy condition for the critical points. Based on an idea of B. White, we…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2008-12-01 Leonardo Biliotti , Miguel Angel Javaloyes , Paolo Piccione

We give the complete classification of left-invariant sub-Riemannian structures on three dimensional Lie groups in terms of the basic differential invariants. This classifications recovers other known classification results in the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-07-31 Andrei Agrachev , Davide Barilari

We obtain local parametrizations of classical non-compact Lie groups where adjoint invariants under maximal compact subgroups are manifest. Extension to non compact subgroups is straightforward. As a by-product parametrizations of the same…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Adrian R. Lugo

We define an infinite graded graph of ordered pairs and a~canonical action of the group $\mathbb{Z}$ (the adic action) and of the infinite sum of groups of order two~$\mathcal{D}=\sum_1^{\infty} \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ on the path space of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-10-11 A. M. Vershik , P. B. Zatitskii

If $\mathscr{J}$ is a finite-dimensional nilpotent algebra over a finite field $\Bbbk$, the algebra group $P = 1+\mathscr{J}$ admits a (standard) supercharacter theory as defined by Diaconis and Isaacs. If $\mathscr{J}$ is endowed with an…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-06 Carlos A. M. André , Pedro J. Freitas , Ana Margarida Neto

The group of real 4 by 4 upper triangular matrices with 1s on the diagonal has a left-invariant subRiemannian (or Carnot-Caratheodory) structure whose underlying distribution corresponds to the superdiagonal. We prove that the associated…

dg-ga · Mathematics 2008-02-03 R. Montgomery , M. Shapiro , A. Stolin

The paper sketches a recent progress and formulates several open problems in studying equivariant quasiconformal and quasisymmetric homeomorphisms in negatively curved spaces as well as geometry and topology of noncompact geometrically…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-09-07 Boris Apanasov

Let $f:\mathbb{K}^n\rightarrow\mathbb{K}^m$ be a generically finite polynomial map of degree $d$ between affine spaces. In arXiv:1411.5011 we proved that if $\mathbb{K}$ is the field of complex or real numbers, then the set $S_f$ of points…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-04-06 Zbigniew Jelonek , Michał Lasoń

We discuss homotopy properties of endpoint maps for affine control systems. We prove that these maps are Hurewicz fibrations with respect to some $W^{1,p}$ topology on the space of trajectories, for a certain $p>1$. We study critical points…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-02-27 Francesco Boarotto , Antonio Lerario

We characterise the integral affine plane curves over a finite field $k$ with the property that all but finitely many of their $\overline{k}$-points have coordinates that are $j$-invariants of elliptic curves with isomorphic endomorphism…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-24 Francesco Campagna , Gabriel Andreas Dill

The sum theorem and its corollaries are proved for a countable family of zero-dimensional (in the sense of small and large inductive bidimensions) p-closed sets, using a new notion of relative normality whose topological correspondent is…

General Topology · Mathematics 2007-06-29 B. P. Dvalishvili

Let $K$ be a number field and $f: \mathbb{P}^1 \to \mathbb{P}^1$ a rational map of degree $d \geq 2$ with at most $s$ places of bad reduction, where we include all archimedean places. We prove that there exists constants $c_1,c_2 > 0$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Jit Wu Yap

We consider the algebra of invariants of $d$-tuples of $n\times n$ matrices under the action of the orthogonal group by simultaneous conjugation over an infinite field of characteristic $p$ different from two. It is well-known that this…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Artem Lopatin