Related papers: Quantum fluctuation theorems and power measurement…
In this paper we present a first-principles analysis of the nonequilibrium work distribution and the free energy difference of a quantum system interacting with a general environment (with arbitrary spectral density and for all…
A quantum fluctuation theorem for a driven quantum subsystem interacting with its environment is derived based solely on the assumption that its reduced density matrix obeys a closed evolution equation i.e. a quantum master equation (QME).…
To define the work performed on a driven quantum system in a physically sound way has turned out to be a truly non-trivial task, except in some special cases of limited applicability. This topic has been in a focus of intense research…
Two-state models provide phenomenological descriptions of many different systems, ranging from physics to chemistry and biology. We investigate work fluctuations in an ensemble of two-state systems driven out of equilibrium under the action…
We study two non-equilibrium work fluctuation theorems, the Crooks' theorem and the Jarzynski equality, for a test system coupled to a spatially extended heat reservoir whose degrees of freedom are explicitly modeled. The sufficient…
Determining the statistics of work done on a quantum system while strongly coupled to a reservoir is a formidable task, requiring the calculation of the full eigenspectrum of the combined system and reservoir. Here we show that this issue…
We derive integral quantum fluctuation theorems and quantum Jarzynski equalities for a feedback-controlled system and a memory which registers outcomes of the measurement. The obtained equalities involve the information content, which…
In recent years a quantum information theoretic framework has emerged for incorporating non-classical phenomena into fluctuation relations. Here we elucidate this framework by exploring deviations from classical fluctuation relations…
Various approaches of defining and determining work performed on a quantum system are compared. Any operational definition of work, however, must allow for two facts, first, that work characterizes a process rather than an instantaneous…
It is shown that quantum fluctuation theorems remain unaffected if measurements of any kind and number of observables are performed during the action of a force protocol. That is, although the backward and forward probabilities entering the…
Using the Feynman-Kac formula, a work fluctuation theorem for a Brownian particle in a nonconfining potential, e.g., a potential well with finite depth, is derived. The theorem yields aninequality that puts a lower bound on the average work…
In Newtonian mechanics, any closed-system dynamics of a composite system in a microstate will leave all its individual subsystems in distinct microstates, however this fails dramatically in quantum mechanics due to the existence of quantum…
The transition between a regime in which thermodynamic relations apply only to ensembles of small systems coupled to a large environment and a regime in which they can be used to characterize individual macroscopic systems is analyzed in…
The work performed on a system in a microcanonical state by changes in a control parameter is characterized in terms of its statistics. The transition probabilities between eigenstates of the system Hamiltonians at the beginning and the end…
We obtain the Crooks and the Jarzynski non-equilibrium fluctuation relations using a direct quantum-mechanical approach for a finite system that is either isolated or coupled not too strongly to a heat bath. These results were hitherto…
We identify the conditions under which a stochastic driving inducing energy changes on a system coupled to a thermal bath can be treated as a work source. When these conditions are met, the work statistics satisfies the Crooks fluctuation…
We theoretically explore the Bochkov-Kuzovlev-Jarzynski-Crooks work theorems in a finite system subject to external control, which is coupled to a heat reservoir. We first elaborate the mechanical energy-balance between the system and the…
The work fluctuations of an oscillator in contact with a heat reservoir and driven out of equilibrium by an external force are studied experimentally. The oscillator dynamics is modeled by a Langevin equation. We find both experimentally…
Fluctuation theorems impose constraints on possible work extraction probabilities in thermodynamical processes. These constraints are stronger than the usual second law, which is concerned only with average values. Here, we show that such…
We study the statistics of energy fluctuations in a three-level quantum system subject to a sequence of projective quantum measurements. We check that, as expected, the quantum Jarzynski equality holds provided that the initial state is…