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We investigate how asymmetric information affects equilibrium price formation in an economy with many interacting agents. Motivated by a finite-player model with two populations of asymmetrically informed agents, we study its mean-field…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Alekos Cecchin , Markus Fischer , Claudio Fontana , Giacomo Lanaro

We propose an analytic approach for the steady-state dynamics of Markov processes on locally tree-like graphs. It is based on time-translation invariant probability distributions for edge trajectories, which we encode in terms of infinite…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-08 Stefano Crotti , Thomas Barthel , Alfredo Braunstein

Bridging equilibrium and nonequilibrium statistical physics attracts sustained interest. Hallmarks of nonequilibrium systems include a breakdown of detailed balance, and an absence of a priori potential function corresponding to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-24 Ying Tang , Ruoshi Yuan , Jianhong Chen , Ping Ao

This paper studies optimal consumption and saving decisions under uncertainty about the transition dynamics of the economic environment. We consider a general optimal savings problem in which the exogenous state governing discounting,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-10 Qingyin Ma , Xinxin Zhang

We consider Markov decision processes (MDPs) in which the transition probabilities and rewards belong to an uncertainty set parametrized by a collection of random variables. The probability distributions for these random parameters are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Murat Cubuktepe , Nils Jansen , Sebastian Junges , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Ufuk Topcu

A perturbation framework is developed to analyze metastable behavior in stochastic processes with random internal and external states. The process is assumed to be under weak noise conditions, and the case where the deterministic limit is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-09-23 Jay Newby , Jon Chapman

In a satisficing equilibrium each agent $i$ plays one of her top $k_i$ actions in response to the actions of the other agents. Our concept unifies models of bounded rationality and yields predictions that differ from canonical solution…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-27 Bary S. R. Pradelski , Bassel Tarbush

Multi-agent influence diagrams (MAIDs) are a popular game-theoretic model based on Bayesian networks. In some settings, MAIDs offer significant advantages over extensive-form game representations. Previous work on MAIDs has assumed that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-12 James Fox , Matt MacDermott , Lewis Hammond , Paul Harrenstein , Alessandro Abate , Michael Wooldridge

We propose a simple uncertainty modification for the agent model in normal-form games; at any given strategy profile, the agent can access only a set of "possible profiles" that are within a certain distance from the actual action profile.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Erman Acar , Reshef Meir

There are only limited classes of multi-player stochastic games in which independent learning is guaranteed to converge to a Nash equilibrium. Markov potential games are a key example of such classes. Prior work has outlined sets of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Fatemeh Fardno , Seyed Majid Zahedi

While multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has produced numerous algorithms that converge to Nash or related equilibria, such equilibria are often non-unique and can exhibit widely varying efficiency. This raises a fundamental…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Runyu Zhang , Gioele Zardini , Asuman Ozdaglar , Jeff Shamma , Na Li

Stability and analysis of multi-agent network systems with state-dependent switching typologies have been a fundamental and longstanding challenge in control, social sciences, and many other related fields. These already complex systems…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-12-27 S. Rasoul Etesami

Autonomous and learning agents increasingly participate in markets - setting prices, placing bids, ordering inventory. Such agents are not just aiming to optimize in an uncertain environment; they are making decisions in a game-theoretical…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Martin Bichler , Julius Durmann , Matthias Oberlechner

We study discrete-time mean-field Markov games with infinite numbers of agents where each agent aims to minimize its ergodic cost. We consider the setting where the agents have identical linear state transitions and quadratic cost…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Zuyue Fu , Zhuoran Yang , Yongxin Chen , Zhaoran Wang

We consider the problem of stopping a diffusion process with a payoff functional that renders the problem time-inconsistent. We study stopping decisions of naive agents who reoptimize continuously in time, as well as equilibrium strategies…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-15 Yu-Jui Huang , Adrien Nguyen-Huu , Xun Yu Zhou

Markov games with coupling constraints model constrained dynamical decision-making involving self-interested agents, where the feasibility of an individual agent's strategy depends on the joint strategies of the others. Such games arise in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Tingting Ni , Anna Maddux , Maryam Kamgarpour

We study strategic interaction in linear-quadratic network games where agents act on subjective, misspecified models of their environment. Agents observe noisy aggregate signals generated by local network externalities and interpret them…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Quanyan Zhu , Zhengye Han

We consider in discrete time, a general class of sequential stochastic dynamic games with asymmetric information with the following features. The underlying system has Markovian dynamics controlled by the agents' joint actions. Each agent's…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Yi Ouyang , Hamidreza Tavafoghi , Demosthenis Teneketzis

A multi-agent system operates in an uncertain environment about which agents have different and time varying beliefs that, as time progresses, converge to a common belief. A global utility function that depends on the realized state of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-08 Ceyhun Eksin , Alejandro Ribeiro

Constrained Markov games offer a formal mathematical framework for modeling multi-agent reinforcement learning problems where the behavior of the agents is subject to constraints. In this work, we focus on the recently introduced class of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Philip Jordan , Anas Barakat , Niao He