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The sequence of nucleotide bases occurring in an organism's DNA is often regarded as a codescript for its construction. However, information in a DNA sequence can only be regarded as a codescript relative to an operational biochemical…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2013-08-12 Peter R. Wills

One of the most compelling problems in science consists in understanding how living systems process information. After all, the way they process information defines their capacities to learning and adaptation. There is an increasing…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-04-21 Carlos Eduardo Maldonado

In silico tools are important for generating novel hypotheses and exploring alternatives in de novo metabolic pathway design. However, while many computational frameworks have been proposed for retrobiosynthesis, few successful examples of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Peter Zhiping Zhang , Jeffrey D. Varner

How to artificially encode observer in universal information coding structure like DNA ? It requires naturally creating information Bits and natural encoding triplet code enables recognizing other encoded information. These Bits become…

General Physics · Physics 2019-07-30 Vladimir S. Lerner

Compositional synthesis relies on the discovery of assumptions, i.e., restrictions on the behavior of the remainder of the system that allow a component to realize its specification. In order to avoid losing valid solutions, these…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Bernd Finkbeiner , Niklas Metzger , Yoram Moses

While biological vision systems rely heavily on feedback connections to iteratively refine perception, most artificial neural networks remain purely feedforward, processing input in a single static pass. In this work, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 David Calhas , Arlindo L. Oliveira

We realize a biochemical filtering process by introducing a buffer in a biocatalytic signal-transduction logic system based on the function of an enzyme, esterase. The input, ethyl butyrate, is converted into butyric acid-the output signal,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-09-13 Marcos Pita , Vladimir Privman , Mary A. Arugula , Dmitriy Melnikov , Vera Bocharova , Evgeny Katz

Stochasticity is a key characteristic of intracellular processes such as gene regulation and chemical signalling. Therefore, characterising stochastic effects in biochemical systems is essential to understand the complex dynamics of living…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-04 David J. Warne , Ruth E. Baker , Matthew J. Simpson

Living organisms interact with their surroundings in a closed-loop fashion, where sensory inputs dictate the initiation and termination of behaviours. Even simple animals are able to develop and execute complex plans, which has not yet been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Giulia Lafratta , Bernd Porr , Christopher Chandler , Alice Miller

Living microorganisms have evolved dedicated sensory machinery to detect environmental perturbations, processing these signals through biochemical networks to guide behavior. Replicating such capabilities in synthetic active matter remains…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-25 Diptabrata Paul , Nikola Milosevic , Nico Scherf , Frank Cichos

Living organisms rely on molecular networks, such as gene circuits and signaling pathways, for information processing and robust decision-making in crowded, noisy environments. Recent advances show that interacting biomolecules…

Biological cells encode information about their environment through biochemical signaling networks that control their internal state and response. This information is often encoded in the dynamical patterns of the signaling molecules,…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-24 Lauritz Hahn , Aleksandra M. Walczak , Thierry Mora

With conventional silicon-based computing approaching its physical and efficiency limits, biocomputing emerges as a promising alternative. This approach utilises biomaterials such as DNA and neurons as an interesting alternative to data…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Giulio Basso , Reinhold Scherer , Michael Taynnan Barros

We investigate performance and optimization of the "digital" bioanalytical response. Specifically, we consider the recently introduced approach of a partial input conversion into inactive compounds, resulting in the "branch point effect"…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2013-05-27 Sergii Domanskyi , Vladimir Privman

The ideas of optimization of learning algorithms in Artificial Neural Networks are reviewed emphasizing generic properties and the online implementations are interpreted from a biological perspective. A simple model of the relevant…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-02-08 N. Caticha , O. Kinouchi

Biochemical signalling cascades transduce extracellular stimuli into cellular responses through sequences of discrete, node-to-node activations. While signal fidelity depends critically on local interaction kinetics, the mechanisms…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Chathranee Jayathilaka , Mark B. Flegg

Statistical mechanics provides an effective framework to investigate information processing in biochemical reactions. Within such framework far-reaching analogies are established among (anti-) cooperative collective behaviors in chemical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-05-26 Elena Agliari , Adriano Barra , Lorenzo Dello Schiavo , Antonio Moro

We discuss foundational issues of quantum information biology (QIB) -- one of the most successful applications of the quantum formalism outside of physics. QIB provides a multi-scale model of information processing in bio-systems: from…

In this paper we highlight the scopes of engineering bio-inspired political systems, which are political systems based on the properties of life that self-organize the increasing complexity of human social systems. We describe bio-inspired…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2012-11-13 Nathalie Mezza-Garcia

Many biological decision-making processes can be viewed as performing a classification task over a set of inputs, using various chemical and physical processes as "biological hardware." In this context, it is important to understand the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-09-10 Carlos Floyd , Aaron R. Dinner , Arvind Murugan , Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan