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This paper is a self-contained development of an invariant of graphs embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space using the Jones polynomial and skein theory. Some examples of the invariant are computed. An unlinked embedded graph is one…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 John W. Barrett

Richard Stanley defined the chromatic symmetric function $X_G$ of a graph $G$ and asked whether there are non-isomorphic trees $T$ and $U$ with $X_T=X_U$. We study variants of the chromatic symmetric function for rooted graphs, where we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-12 Nicholas A. Loehr , Gregory S. Warrington

The chromatic polynomial is characterized as the unique polynomial invariant of graphs, compatible with two interacting bialgebras structures: the first coproduct is given by partitions of vertices into two parts, the second one by a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-05-05 Loïc Foissy

One of the major open problems in complexity theory is proving super-logarithmic lower bounds on the depth of circuits (i.e., $\mathbf{P}\not\subseteq\mathbf{NC}^1$). Karchmer, Raz, and Wigderson (Computational Complexity 5(3/4), 1995)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Susanna F. de Rezende , Or Meir , Jakob Nordström , Toniann Pitassi , Robert Robere

We give a rigorous proof of the colored HOMFLY-PT polynomials of the trefoil knot, the figure-eight knot and twist knots. For the trefoil knot and the figure-eight knot, it is expressed by a single sum, and for a twist knot, it is expressed…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Kenichi Kawagoe

In "Homfly polynomial via an invariant of colored plane graphs", Murakami, Ohtsuki, and Yamada provide a state-sum description of the level $n$ Jones polynomial of an oriented link in terms of a suitable braided monoidal category whose…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-07-16 Domenico Fiorenza , Omid Hurson

We study factorizations of HOMFLY polynomials of certain knots and oriented links. We begin with a computer analysis of knots with at most 12 crossings, finding 17 non-trivial factorizations. Next, we give an irreducibility criterion for…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-06-26 Douglas Blackwell , Damiano Testa

This paper focuses on the graphs in the Petersen family, the set of minor minimal intrinsically linked graphs. We prove there is a relationship between algebraic linking of an embedding and knotting in an embedding. We also present a more…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2010-08-03 Danielle O'Donnol

We formulate a stability conjecture for the coefficients of the colored Jones polynomial of a knot, colored by irreducible representations in a fixed ray of a simple Lie algebra, and verify it for all torus knots and all simple Lie algebras…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2013-10-29 Stavros Garoufalidis , Thao Vuong

Quantum knot invariants (like colored HOMFLY-PT or Kauffman polynomials) are a distinguished class of non-perturbative topological invariants. Any known way to construct them (via Chern-Simons theory or quantum R-matrix) starts with a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-12 Dmitry Khudoteplov , Alexei Morozov , Alexey Sleptsov

A well-known open problem in graph theory asks whether Stanley's chromatic symmetric function, a generalization of the chromatic polynomial of a graph, distinguishes between any two non-isomorphic trees. Previous work has proven the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-05 Jake Huryn

Colored tensor models (CTM) is a random geometrical approach to quantum gravity. We scrutinize the structure of the connected correlation functions of general CTM-interactions and organize them by boundaries of Feynman graphs. For rank-$D$…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-02-05 Carlos I. Pérez-Sánchez

We introduce multi-tribrackets, algebraic structures for region coloring of diagrams of knots and links with different operations at different kinds of crossings. In particular we consider the case of component multi-tribrackets which have…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-06-25 Sam Nelson , Evan Pauletich

We present computational results about quasi-alternating knots and links and odd homology obtained by looking at link families in the Conway notation. More precisely, we list quasi-alternating links up to 12 crossings and the first examples…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-04-01 Slavik Jablan , Radmila Sazdanović

Many polynomial invariants of knots and links, including the Jones and HOMFLY-PT polynomials, are widely used in practice but #P-hard to compute. It was shown by Makowsky in 2001 that computing the Jones polynomial is fixed-parameter…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-12-18 Benjamin A. Burton

We prove a general large sieve statement in the context of random walks on subgraphs of a given graph. This can be seen as a generalization of previously known results where one performs a random walk on a group enjoying a strong spectral…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-09 Florent Jouve , Jean-Sébastien Sereni

In the past, analogues to Brooks' theorem have been found for various parameters of graph coloring for infinite locally finite connected graphs in ZFC. We prove these theorems are not provable in ZF (i.e. the Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Amitayu Banerjee , Zalán Molnár , Alexa Gopaulsingh

A well-known result of Alon shows that the coloring number of a graph is bounded by a function of its choosability. We explore this relationship in a more general setting with relaxed assumptions on color classes, encoded by a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-27 Zdeněk Dvořák , Jakub Pekárek , Jean-Sébastien Sereni

Associated with each oriented link is the two variable Homflypt polynomial. The Morton-Franks-Williams (MFW) inequality gives rise to an expression for the Homflypt polynomial with MFW coefficient polynomials. These MFW coefficient…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-01-07 David Emmes

We define the acyclic orientation polynomial of a graph to be the generating function for the sinks of its acyclic orientations. Stanley proved that the number of acyclic orientations is equal to the chromatic polynomial evaluated at $-1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Byung-Hak Hwang , Woo-Seok Jung , Kang-Ju Lee , Jaeseong Oh , Sang-Hoon Yu
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