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Detection of phase variations across optically transparent samples is often a difficult task. We propose and demonstrate a compact, lightweight and low cost quantitative phase contrast imager. Light diffracted from a pinhole is incident on…

X-ray propagation-based imaging techniques are well-established at synchrotron radiation and laboratory sources. However, most reconstruction algorithms for such image modalities, also known as phase retrieval algorithms, have been…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-16 Max Langer , Yuhe Zhang , Diogo Figueirinhas , Jean-Baptiste Forien , Claire Mouton , Rajmund Mokso , Pablo Villanueva-Perez

X-ray ptychography is one of the versatile techniques for nanometer resolution imaging. The magnitude of the diffraction patterns is recorded on a detector and the phase of the diffraction patterns is estimated using phase retrieval…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-21 Prasan Shedligeri , Florian Schiffers , Semih Barutcu , Pablo Ruiz , Aggelos K Katsaggelos , Oliver Cossairt

Phase-contrast imaging is an emerging technology that may increase the signal-difference-to-noise ratio in medical imaging. One of the most promising phase-contrast techniques is Talbot interferometry, which, combined with energy-sensitive…

One of the most powerful approaches to imaging at the nanometer or subnanometer length scale is coherent diffraction imaging using X-ray sources. For amorphous (non-crystalline) samples, the raw data can be interpreted as the modulus of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-04-02 Alexander Barnett , Charles L. Epstein , Leslie Greengard , Jeremy Magland

Improvements in X-ray optics critically depend on the measurement of their optical performance. The knowledge of wavefront aberrations, for example, can be used to improve the fabrication of optical elements or to design phase correctors to…

X-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer has been used most widely to perform X-ray phase-contrast imaging with a conventional low-brilliance X-ray source, it yields high-sensitivity phase and dark-field images of sample producing low absorption…

Optics · Physics 2015-04-21 Shenghao Wang , Renfang Hu , Zhili Wang , Kun Gao , Kai Zhang , Atsushi Momose , Ziyu Wu

Correlative microscopy is a powerful technique that combines the advantages of multiple imaging modalities to achieve a comprehensive understanding of investigated samples. For example, fluorescence microscopy provides unique functional…

Analyser-Based Phase-Contrast imaging (ABPCI) is a phase-contrast imaging method that produces high contrast images of weakly absorbing materials. However, it is only sensitive to phase variations lying in the diffraction plane of the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-02-11 M. C. Chalmers , M. J. Kitchen , K. Uesugi , G. Falzon , P. Quin , K. M. Pavlov

We present a Python toolbox for holographic and tomographic X-ray imaging. It comprises a collection of phase retrieval algorithms for the deeply holographic and direct contrast imaging regimes, including non-linear approaches and extended…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-03 Jens Lucht , Paul Meyer , Leon Merten Lohse , Tim Salditt

Articular cartilage is a musculoskeletal soft tissue renowned for its unique mechanical properties. Understanding both its hierarchical structure and the interplay between its constituents could shed light on the mechanical competence of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Simone Fantoni , Luca Brombal , Paolo Cardarelli , Fabio Baruffaldi

X-ray dark-field imaging creates a representation of the sample where contrast is generated by subresolution features within the volume under inspection. These are detected by a local measurement of the radiation field's angular…

Phase imaging techniques extract the optical path-length information of a scene, whereas wavefront sensors provide the shape of an optical wavefront. Since these two applications have different technical requirements, they have developed…

Optics · Physics 2018-02-28 F. Soldevila , V. Durán , P. Clemente , J. Lancis , E. Tajahuerce

X-ray is widely applied for transmission imaging due to its stronger penetration than natural light. When rendering novel view X-ray projections, existing methods mainly based on NeRF suffer from long training time and slow inference speed.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-29 Yuanhao Cai , Yixun Liang , Jiahao Wang , Angtian Wang , Yulun Zhang , Xiaokang Yang , Zongwei Zhou , Alan Yuille

A novel method and experimental configuration are proposed that allow the collection of high-quality X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data in transmission mode on a standard laboratory diffractometer. This configuration makes use of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-23 Milen Gateshki , Charalampos Zarkadas , Detlef Beckers

In recent years, x-ray speckle tracking techniques have emerged as viable tools for wavefront metrology and sample imaging applications. These methods are based on the measurement of near-field images. Thanks to the simple experimental…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-31 Andrew J. Morgan , Kevin T. Murray , Harry M. Quiney , Saša Bajt , Henry N. Chapman

Different imaging modalities are used to extract the diverse information carried in an optical field. Two prominent modalities include bright field and phase contrast microscopy that can visualize the amplitude and phase features of a…

Multi-energy CT has long demonstrated its ability to enhance image quality with material decomposition. Yet, it has largely been limited to applications that already have high contrast. More recently, x-ray phase-contrast (XPC) imaging has…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Giavanna Jadick , Patrick La Rivière

Phase-contrast and dark-field imaging are relatively new X-ray imaging modalities that provide additional information to conventional attenuation-based imaging. However, this new information comes at the price of a more complex acquisition…

Wavefront-marking X-ray imaging techniques use e.g., sandpaper or a grating to generate intensity fluctuations, and analyze their distortion by the sample in order to retrieve attenuation, phase-contrast, and dark-field information. Phase…