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Extended x-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) data collected in the fluorescence mode are susceptible to an apparent amplitude reduction due to the self-absorption of the fluorescing photon by the sample before it reaches a detector.…
Classical methods for X-ray computed tomography are based on the assumption that the X-ray source intensity is known, but in practice, the intensity is measured and hence uncertain. Under normal operating conditions, when the exposure time…
X-ray microtomography is a powerful non-destructive technique allowing 3D virtual histology of resected human tissue. The achievable imaging field-of-view, is however limited by the fixed number of detector elements, enforcing the…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging has the potential to improve image contrast with lower dose by probing an object's refractive properties as well as its absorptive properties. To reconstruct a phase-contrast image from a raw dataset, a phase…
Computed Tomography (CT) is widely used in engineering and medicine for imaging the interior of objects, patients, or animals. If the employed X-ray source is monoenergetic, image reconstruction essentially means the inversion of a ray…
Knowledge gained through X-ray crystallography fostered structural determination of materials and greatly facilitated the development of modern science and technology in the past century. Atomic details of sample structures is achievable by…
X-ray energy spectrum plays an essential role in computed tomography (CT) imaging and related tasks. Due to the high photon flux of clinical CT scanners, most of spectrum estimation methods are indirect and usually suffered from various…
X-ray diffraction tomography (XDT) resolves spatially-variant XRD profiles within macroscopic objects, and provides improved material contrast compared to the conventional transmission-based computed tomography (CT). However, due to the…
X-ray energy spectrum plays an essential role in imaging and related tasks. Due to the high photon flux of clinical CT scanners, most of the spectrum estimation methods are indirect and are usually suffered from various limitations. The…
Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is a sensitive optical imaging technology widely used in biomedical research. However, the ill-posedness of the inverse problem poses a huge challenge to FMT reconstruction. Although end-to-end deep…
Combined use of PET and dual-energy CT provides complementary information for multi-parametric imaging. PETenabled dual-energy CT combines a low-energy x-ray CT image with a high-energy &\gamma&-ray CT (GCT) image reconstructed from…
Compressed sensing is an image reconstruction technique to achieve high-quality results from limited amount of data. In order to achieve this, it utilizes prior knowledge about the samples that shall be reconstructed. Focusing on image…
In transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) systems, the rotation of a scanned sample might be restricted to a limited angular range to avoid collision to other system parts or high attenuation at certain tilting angles. Image reconstruction…
Recovering high-resolution structural and compositional information from coherent X-ray measurements involves solving coupled, nonlinear, and ill-posed inverse problems. Ptychography reconstructs a complex transmission function from…
Background: Recently, the popularity of dual-layer flat-panel detector (DL-FPD) based dual-energy cone-beam CT (DE-CBCT) imaging has been increasing. However, the image quality of DE-CBCT remains constrained by the Compton scattered X-ray…
It has been argued that in atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of sparse weakly scattering structures, such as small biological molecules, multiple electron scattering usually has only a small effect, while the…
Multi-MeV flash radiography is often used as the primary diagnostic technique for high energy and density (HED) physics experiments. Primary X-ray which is attenuated by the object offers density information of the object. For a thick metal…
Non-destructive cross-sectional characterization of materials systems with a resolution in the nanometer range and the ability to allow for time-resolved in-situ studies is of great importance in material science. Here, we present such a…
X-ray micro tomography is a non-destructive, three-dimensional inspection technique applied across a vast range of fields and disciplines, ranging from research to industrial, encompassing engineering, biology and medical research.…
Beam hardening (BH) is one of the major artifacts that severely reduces the quality of Computed Tomography (CT) imaging. In a polychromatic X-ray beam, since low-energy photons are more preferentially absorbed, the attenuation of the beam…