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We present an extension to the Poisson-Boltzmann model where the dipolar features of solvent molecules are taken explicitly into account. The formulation is derived at mean-field level and can be extended to any order in a systematic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-01-31 Ariel Abrashkin , David Andelman , Henri Orland

Asymmetric valences in a binary electrolyte can significantly affect the performance of systems such as reverse electrodialysis cells, batteries, and supercapacitors. To generate a theoretical understanding of this effect, we consider a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Georgina C. Ryan , Mohit P. Dalwadi , Ian M. Griffiths

Based on a Debye-Hueckel approach to the one-component plasma we propose a new free energy for incorporating ionic correlations into Poisson-Boltzmann like theories. Its derivation employs the exclusion of the charged background in the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Marcia C. Barbosa , Markus Deserno , Christian Holm

Most organic and inorganic surfaces (e.g., glass, nucleic acids or lipid membranes) become charged in aqueous solutions. The resulting ionic distribution induces effective interactions between the charged surfaces. Stacks of like-charged…

We present a novel class of high-order space-time finite element schemes for the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations. We prove that our schemes are mass conservative, positivity preserving, and unconditionally energy stable for any order…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-25 Guosheng Fu , Zhiliang Xu

We analyze the simplest problem of electrochemical relaxation in more than one dimension - the response of an uncharged, ideally polarizable metallic sphere (or cylinder) in a symmetric, binary electrolyte to a uniform electric field. In…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 Kevin T. Chu , Martin Z. Bazant

The most widely-used density functionals for the exchange-correlation energy are inexact for one-electron systems. Their self-interaction errors can be severe in some applications. The problem is not only to correct the self-interaction…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Stephan Kümmel , John P. Perdew

We have obtained a set of coupled differential equations from the continuous limit of the transfer matrix method. Decoupling such a set of equations yields an extension to the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-06-26 C. F. Huang , S. D. Chao , D. R. Hang , Y. C. Lee

The ion distribution around charged colloids in solution has been investigated intensely during the last decade. However, few theoretical approaches have included the influence of variation in the dielectric permittivity within the system,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-18 Florian Fahrenberger , Zhenli Xu , Christian Holm

We present a modeling study of a nanopore-based transistor computed by a mean-field continuum theory (Poisson-Nernst-Planck, PNP) and a hybrid method including particle simulation (Local Equilibrium Monte Carlo, LEMC) that is able to take…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Eszter Mádai , Bartłomiej Matejczyk , András Dallos , Mónika Valiskó , Dezső Boda

Treating water as a linearly responding dielectric continuum on molecular length scales allows very simple estimates of solvation structure and thermodynamics for charged and polar solutes. While this approach can successfully account for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-07-07 Stephen J. Cox , Kranthi K. Mandadapu , Phillip L. Geissler

We derive a Debye-H\"uckel-like model of the electric ion-ion interaction for non-constant dielectric susceptibility, which does not depend on any kind of charging process due to its foundation in the general framework of non-equilibrium…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Wolfgang Dreyer , Rüdiger Müller

We perform a linearization of the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) density functional for spherical Wigner-Seitz cells that yields Debye-H\"uckel-like equations agreeing asymptotically with the PB results in the weak-coupling (high-temperature)…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 M. N. Tamashiro , H. Schiessel

The current study extends previous analytical and numerical solutions of chronopotentiometric response of one-dimensional systems consisting of three layers to the more realistic two-dimensional heterogeneous ion-permselective medium. An…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-10-23 Yoav Green , Gilad Yossifon

Combining the WKB expansion at large distances and Perturbation Theory at small distances it is constructed a compact uniform approximation for eigenfunctions. For lowest states $1s\si_{g}$ and $2p\si_{u}$ this approximation provides the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Alexander V. Turbiner , Horacio Olivares-Pilón

We introduce and analyse a continuum model for an interacting particle system of Vicsek type. The model is given by a non-linear kinetic partial differential equation (PDE) describing the time-evolution of the density $f_t$, in the single…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-04-11 Paolo Buttà , Franco Flandoli , Michela Ottobre , Boguslaw Zegarlinski

The Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) theory is one of the most important theoretical models describing charged systems continuously. However, it suffers from neglecting ion correlations, which hinders its applicability to more general charged systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-26 Mao Su , Yanting Wang

In this letter we analyze the effects of an externally applied electric field on thermal fluctuations for a fluid containing charged species. We show in particular that the fluctuating Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for charged…

In this work, we introduce an inverse averaging finite element method (IAFEM) for solving the size-modified Poisson-Nernst-Planck (SMPNP) equations. Comparing with the classical Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations, the SMPNP equations add…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-06 Ruigang Shen , Qianru Zhang , ang Benzhuo Lu

We consider in this paper a numerical approximation of Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Navier- Stokes (PNP-NS) system. We construct a decoupled semi-discrete and fully discrete scheme that enjoys the properties of positivity preserving, mass…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Ziyao Yu , Qing Cheng , Jie Shen , Changyou Wang