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We study discretisation effects in cellular automata models for pedestrian dynamics by reducing the cell size. Then a particle occupies more than one cell which leads to subtle effects in the dynamics, e.g. non-local conflict situations.…
In this paper, we introduce and study one-dimensional models for the behavior of pedestrians in a narrow street or corridor. We begin at the microscopic level by formulating a stochastic cellular automata model with explicit rules for…
In this paper we deal with pedestrian modeling, aiming at simulating crowd behavior in normal and emergency scenarios, including highly congested mass events. We are specifically concerned with a new agent-based, continuous-in-space,…
We propose a 2-dimensional cellular automaton model to simulate pedestrian traffic. It is a vmax=1 model with exclusion statistics and parallel dynamics. Long-range interactions between the pedestrians are mediated by a so called floor…
Cellular automata crowd simulation models have been extensively used to determine the performance and the safety of crowded structures. In conventional cellular automata systems, all the cells are of the size of a typical pedestrian. The…
This contribution proposes a method to make agents in a microscopic simulation of pedestrian traffic walk approximately along a path of estimated minimal remaining travel time to their destination. Usually models of pedestrian dynamics are…
The proposed stochastic model for pedestrian dynamics is based on existing approaches using cellular automata, combined with substantial extensions, to compensate the deficiencies resulting of the discrete grid structure. This agent motion…
We propose in this paper a minimal speed-based pedestrian model for which particle dynamics are intrinsically collision-free. The speed model is an optimal velocity function depending on the agent length (i.e.\ particle diameter), maximum…
In any spatially discrete model of pedestrian motion which uses a regular lattice as basis, there is the question of how the symmetry between the different directions of motion can be restored as far as possible but with limited…
For the planning of large pedestrian facilities, the movement of pedestrians in various situations has to be modelled. Many tools for pedestrian planning are based on cellular automata (CA), discrete in space and time, some use self driven…
In pedestrian dynamics, the internal drive that propels individuals toward their goals is typically captured by a single, fixed parameter, the desired walking speed. This simplification overlooks that motivation fluctuates in response to…
Crowd simulation is used for evacuation and crowd safety inspections, study of performance in crowd systems and animations. Cellular automata has been extensively used in modelling the crowd. In regular cellular automata models, each…
We present a 2-dimensional cellular automaton model for the simulation of pedestrian dynamics. The model is extremely efficient and allows simulations of large crowds faster than real time since it includes only nearest-neighbour…
Pedestrians adjust both speed and stride length when they navigate difficult situations such as tight corners or dense crowds. They try to avoid collisions and to preserve their personal space. State-of-the-art pedestrian motion models…
The movement of pedestrians is supposed to show certain regularities which can be best described by an ``algorithm'' for the individual behavior and is easily simulated on computers. This behavior is assumed to be determined by an intended…
The simulation of pedestrian crowd that reflects reality is a major challenge for researches. Several crowd simulation models have been proposed such as cellular automata model, agent-based model, fluid dynamic model, etc. It is important…
The influence of agents heterogeneity on the microscopic characteristics of pedestrian flow is studied via an evacuation simulation tool based on the Floor-Field model. The heterogeneity is introduced in agents velocity, aggressiveness, and…
For the modelling of pedestrian dynamics we treat persons as self-driven objects moving in a continuous space. On the basis of a modified social force model we qualitatively analyze the influence of various approaches for the interaction…
Microscopic Pedestrian Simulation Model is computer simulation model of pedestrian movement where every pedestrian in the model is treated as individual. Most of pedestrian researches have been done on macroscopic level, which does not…
When a large group of pedestrians moves around a corner, most pedestrians do not follow the shortest path, which is to stay as close as possible to the inner wall, but try to minimize the travel time. For this they accept to move on a…