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In shared space environments, urban space is shared among different types of road users, who frequently interact with each other to negotiate priority and coordinate their trajectories. Instead of traffic rules, interactions among them are…
In high-density crowds, close proximity between pedestrians makes the steady state highly vulnerable to disruption by pushing behaviours, potentially leading to serious accidents. However, the scarcity of experimental data has hindered…
A stochastic cellular automata (CA) model for pedestrian dynamics is presented. Our goal is to simulate different types of pedestrian movement, from regular to panic. But here we emphasize regular situations which imply that pedestrians…
Modelling pedestrian behavior is crucial in the development and testing of autonomous vehicles. In this work, we present a hierarchical pedestrian behavior model that generates high-level decisions through the use of behavior trees, in…
In human crowds, interactions among individuals give rise to a variety of self-organized collective motions that help the group to effectively solve the problem of coordination. However, it is still not known exactly how humans adjust their…
The collision-free velocity model is a microscopic pedestrian model, which despite its simplicity, reproduces fairly well several self-organization phenomena in pedestrian dynamics. The model consists of two components: a direction…
The empirical relation between density and velocity of pedestrian movement is not completely analyzed, particularly with regard to the `microscopic' causes which determine the relation at medium and high densities. The simplest system for…
Experimental results for congested pedestrian traffic are presented. For data analysis we apply a method providing measurements on an individual scale. The resulting velocity-density relation shows a coexistence of moving and stopping…
The behavior of pedestrians shows certain regularities, which can be described by quantitative (partly stochastic) models. The models are based on the behavior of individual pedestrians, which depends on the pedestrian intentions and on the…
One of the objectives of the pedestrian analysis is to evaluate the effects of proposed policy on the pedestrian facilities before its implementation. The implementation of a policy without pedestrian analysis might lead to a very costly…
In recent years modelling crowd and evacuation dynamics has become very important, with increasing huge numbers of people gathering around the world for many reasons and events. The fact that our global population grows dramatically every…
Different families of models first developed for fluid mechanics have been extended to road, pedestrian, or intracellular transport. These models allow to describe the systems at different scales and to account for different aspects of…
Pedestrian movement, although ubiquitous and well-studied, is still not that well understood due to the complicating nature of the embedded social dynamics. Interest among researchers in simulating pedestrian movement and interactions has…
Single-file dynamics has been studied intensively, both experimentally and theoretically. It shows interesting collective effects, such as stop-and-go waves, which are validation cornerstones for any agent-based modeling approach of traffic…
Following the paradigm set by attraction-repulsion-alignment schemes, a myriad of individual based models have been proposed to calculate the evolution of abstract agents. While the emergent features of many agent systems have been…
We present experimental results obtained for a one-dimensional flow using high precision motion capture. The full pedestrians' trajectories are obtained. In this paper, we focus on the fundamental diagram, and on the relation between the…
This paper introduces a spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics. The main intention of this work is the quantitative description of pedestrian movement through bottlenecks and in corridors. Measurements of…
In this paper we propose a novel macroscopic (fluid dynamics) model for describing pedestrian flow in low and high density regimes. The model is characterized by the fact that the maximal density reachable by the crowd - usually a fixed…
A complete overview of the surrounding vehicle environment is important for driver assistance systems and highly autonomous driving. Fusing results of multiple sensor types like camera, radar and lidar is crucial for increasing the…
We investigate a probabilistic cellular automaton model which has been introduced recently. This model describes single-lane traffic flow on a ring and generalizes the asymmetric exclusion process models. We study the equilibrium properties…