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Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has become effective in tackling discrete cooperative game scenarios. However, MARL has yet to penetrate settings beyond those modelled by team and zero-sum games, confining it to a small subset of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-06-16 David Mguni , Yutong Wu , Yali Du , Yaodong Yang , Ziyi Wang , Minne Li , Ying Wen , Joel Jennings , Jun Wang

This paper deals with an extension of the concept of correlated strategies to Markov stopping games. The Nash equilibrium approach to solving nonzero-sum stopping games may give multiple solutions. An arbitrator can suggest to each player…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-23 David M. Ramsey , Krzysztof Szajowski

We present a unified framework for characterizing local Nash equilibria in continuous games on either infinite-dimensional or finite-dimensional non-convex strategy spaces. We provide intrinsic necessary and sufficient first- and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Lillian J. Ratliff , Samuel A. Burden , S. Shankar Sastry

A fundamental shortcoming of the concept of Nash equilibrium is its computational intractability: approximating Nash equilibria in normal-form games is PPAD-hard. In this paper, inspired by the ideas of smoothed analysis, we introduce a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Constantinos Daskalakis , Noah Golowich , Nika Haghtalab , Abhishek Shetty

Many real-world domains contain multiple agents behaving strategically with probabilistic transitions and uncertain (potentially infinite) duration. Such settings can be modeled as stochastic games. While algorithms have been developed for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Sam Ganzfried , Conner Laughlin , Charles Morefield

We introduce a stochastic learning process called the dampened gradient approximation process. While learning models have almost exclusively focused on finite games, in this paper we design a learning process for games with continuous…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Sebastian Bervoets , Mario Bravo , Mathieu Faure

Stochastic games have become a prevalent framework for studying long-term multi-agent interactions, especially in the context of multi-agent reinforcement learning. In this work, we comprehensively investigate the concept of constant-memory…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Fengming Zhu , Fangzhen Lin

Distributed Nash equilibrium seeking of aggregative games is investigated and a continuous-time algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is designed by virtue of projected gradient play dynamics and distributed average tracking dynamics, and is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Shu Liang , Peng Yi , Yiguang Hong , Kaixiang Peng

In this paper, we consider a large class of constrained non-cooperative stochastic Markov games with countable state spaces and discounted cost criteria. In one-player case, i.e., constrained discounted Markov decision models, it is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-16 Anna Jaśkiewicz , Andrzej S. Nowak

Game-theoretic solution concepts, such as the Nash equilibrium, have been key to finding stable joint actions in multi-player games. However, it has been shown that the dynamics of agents' interactions, even in simple two-player games with…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Natalia Koliou , George Vouros

We study nonzero-sum stochastic games for continuous time Markov chains on a denumerable state space with risk sensitive discounted and ergodic cost criteria. For the discounted cost criterion we first show that the corresponding system of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-09 Mrinal K. Ghosh , K. Suresh Kumar , Chandan Pal

Solving Nash equilibrium is the key challenge in normal-form games with large strategy spaces, where open-ended learning frameworks offer an efficient approach. In this work, we propose an innovative unified open-ended learning framework…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yudong Hu , Haoran Li , Congying Han , Tiande Guo , Mingqiang Li , Bonan Li

In this paper, we consider discrete-time dynamic games of the mean-field type with a finite number $N$ of agents subject to an infinite-horizon discounted-cost optimality criterion. The state space of each agent is a locally compact Polish…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-01-17 Naci Saldi , Tamer Başar , Maxim Raginsky

We consider an inventory competition game between two firms. The question we address is this: If players do not know the opponent's action and opponent's utility function can they learn to play the Nash policy in a repeated game by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-01 Mohsen Rakhshan

Nash equilibrium is often heralded as a guiding principle for rational decision-making in strategic interactions. However, it is well-known that Nash equilibrium sometimes fails as a reliable predictor of outcomes, with two of the most…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Ivan Geffner , Moshe Tennenholtz

When two players are engaged in a repeated game with unknown payoff matrices, they may use single-agent multi-armed bandit algorithms to choose the actions independent of each other. We show that when the players use Thompson sampling, the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yi Xiong , Ningyuan Chen , Xuefeng Gao

Multiplayer games with selfish agents naturally occur in the design of distributed and embedded systems. As the goals of selfish agents are usually neither equivalent nor antagonistic to each other, such games are non zero-sum games. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-12-19 Thomas Brihaye , Julie De Pril , Sven Schewe

Multi-agent policy-gradient methods have been shown to converge locally near stable Nash equilibria. Local convergence, however, does not determine which equilibrium is reached. We study this question through basin-entry probability with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yevhen Shcherbinin , Arina Redina , Maxim Kalpin , Vlad Kochetov

We study agents competing against each other in a repeated network zero-sum game while applying the multiplicative weights update (MWU) algorithm with fixed learning rates. In our implementation, agents select their strategies…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-06 James P. Bailey , Sai Ganesh Nagarajan , Georgios Piliouras

Learning in stochastic games is a notoriously difficult problem because, in addition to each other's strategic decisions, the players must also contend with the fact that the game itself evolves over time, possibly in a very complicated…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Angeliki Giannou , Kyriakos Lotidis , Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis