Related papers: A self-referenced single-electron quantized-curren…
A milestone revision of the International System of Units (SI) was made at the 26th General Conference on Weights and Measures that four of the seven SI base units, i.e. kilogram, ampere, kelvin, and mole, are redefined by fundamental…
The adiabatic pumped current through an unbiased one dimensional (1D) channel, connected to two 1D leads and subject to surface acoustic waves (SAW), is calculated exactly for non-interacting electrons. For a broad range of the parameters,…
The basis of synchronous manipulation of individual electrons in solid-state devices was laid by the rise of single-electronics about two decades ago. Ultra-small structures in a low temperature environment form an ideal domain of…
Semiconductor-based quantum dot single-electron pumps are currently the most promising candidates for the direct realization of the emerging quantum standard of the ampere in the International System of Units. Here, we discuss a silicon…
We report electron counting experiments in a silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dot architecture which has been previously demonstrated to generate a quantized current in excess of 80 pA with uncertainty below 30 parts per million.…
We study a mesoscopic circuit of two quantized current sources, realized by non-adiabatic single- electron pumps connected in series with a small micron-sized island in between. We find that quantum transport through the second pump can be…
Single-electron pumps based on semiconductor quantum dots are promising candidates for the emerging quantum standard of electrical current. They can transfer discrete charges with part-per-million (ppm) precision in nanosecond time scales.…
While quantum speed-up in solving certain decision problems by a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer has been promised, a timely research interest includes how far one can reduce the resource requirement to demonstrate a provable…
We present the theoretical model of the "quantum ammeter", a device that is able to measure the full counting statistics of an electron current at quantum time scales. It consists of an Ohmic contact, perfectly coupled to chiral quantum…
Using standard microfabrication techniques it is now possible to construct devices, which appear to reliably manipulate electrons one at a time. These devices have potential use as building blocks in quantum computing devices, or as a…
Entanglement entropy, which is a measure of quantum correlations between separate parts of a many-body system, has emerged recently as a fundamental quantity in broad areas of theoretical physics, from cosmology and field theory to…
Recent developments in the coherent manipulation of electrons in ballistic conductors include the generation of time-periodic electrical currents involving one to few electronic excitations per period. However, using individual electrons as…
The so-called quantum measurement problems are solved from a new perspective. One of the main observations is that the basic entities of our world are {\it particles}, elementary or composite. It follows that each elementary process, hence…
The revised International System of Units (SI), expected to be approved late in 2018, has implications for physics pedagogy; the ampere definition which dates from 1948 will be replaced by a definition that fixes the numerical value of the…
In traditional approaches of obtaining quantized acoustoelectric current, a narrow channel is fabricated to form quantum dots, which hold a fixed number of electrons at a certain depth. We propose a natural way of forming quantum dots…
Two quantized charge pumps are operated in parallel. The total current generated is shown to be far more accurate than the current produced with just one pump operating at a higher frequency. With the application of a perpendicular magnetic…
Random numbers are important in many activities, including communication, encryption, science, gambling, finance, and decision-making. There is a strong demand for a hardware random number generator that could support cryptographic…
We study synchronized quantized charge pumping through several dynamical quantum dots (QDs) driven by a single time modulated gate signal. We show that the main obstacle for synchronization being the lack of uniformity can be overcome by…
A quantum coherent capacitor subject to large amplitude pulse cycles can be made to emit or reabsorb an electron in each half cycle. Quantized currents with pulse cycles in the GHz range have been demonstrated experimentally. We develop a…
We present a realization of quantized charge pumping. A lateral quantum dot is defined by metallic split gates in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. A surface acoustic wave whose wavelength is twice the dot length is used to pump single…