Related papers: General solution for quantitative dark-field contr…
The contrasts of features in the quiet Sun are studied using filtergrams recorded by the Broad-band Filter Imager on the Hinode/Solar Optical Telescope. In a first step, the scattered light originating in the instrument is modeled using…
Imaging of surface adsorbed molecules is investigated as a novel detection method for matter wave interferometry with fluorescent particles. Mechanically magnified fluorescence imaging turns out to be an excellent tool for recording quantum…
The translation of an early (1957), Russian article on the development of x-ray computed tomography is provided. The article demonstrates a principle possibility of determining the local attenuation coefficient in every element of a…
Dark excitons are of fundamental importance in a broad range of contexts, but are difficult to study using conventional optical spectroscopy due to their weak interaction with light. We show how coherent multidimensional spectroscopy can…
Phase-contrast imaging is an emerging technology that may increase the signal-difference-to-noise ratio in medical imaging. One of the most promising phase-contrast techniques is Talbot interferometry, which, combined with energy-sensitive…
Scatterometry is a tested method for measuring periodic semiconductor structures. Since the sizes of modern semiconductor structures have reached the nanoscale regime, the challenge is to determine the shape of periodic nanostructures with…
Imaging of a weak target hidden behind a scattering medium can be significantly confounded by glare. We report a method, termed coherence gated negation (CGN), that uses destructive optical interference to suppress glare and allow improved…
Interferometric imaging is an emerging technique for particle tracking and mass photometry. Mass or position are estimated from weak signals, coherently scattered from nanoparticles or single molecules, and interfered with a co-propagating…
Optical imaging with microarcsecond resolution will reveal details across and outside stellar surfaces but requires kilometer-scale interferometers, challenging to realize either on the ground or in space. Intensity interferometry,…
Dark-field x-ray microscopy utilizes Bragg diffraction to collect full-field x-ray images of "mesoscale" structure of ordered materials. Information regarding the structural heterogeneities and their physical implications is gleaned through…
Using the theory of imaging with partially coherent light, we derive general expressions for different kinds of interferometric setups like double slit, shift and mirror interference. We show that in all cases the interference patterns…
Quantum entanglement and squeezing have significantly improved phase estimation and imaging in interferometric settings beyond the classical limits. However, for a wide class of non-interferometric phase imaging/retrieval methods vastly…
The choice of negative examples is important in noise contrastive estimation. Recent works find that hard negatives -- highest-scoring incorrect examples under the model -- are effective in practice, but they are used without a formal…
Extracting information from stochastic fields or textures is a ubiquitous task in science, from exploratory data analysis to classification and parameter estimation. From physics to biology, it tends to be done either through a power…
Using higher-order coherence of thermal light sources, the resolution power of standard x-ray imaging techniques can be enhanced. In this work, we applied the higher-order measurement to far-field x-ray diffraction and near-field phase…
This study describes a new approach for material decomposition in x-ray imaging, utilising phase contrast to both increase sensitivity to weakly-attenuating samples and to act as a complementary measurement to attenuation, therefore…
Chiral effective field theory allows one to calculate the response of few-nucleon systems to external currents, both for currents that can be probed in the Standard Model and ones that only exist in Standard-Model extensions. In combination…
The imminent availability of large arrays of large light collectors deployed to exploit atmospheric Cherenkov radiation for gamma-ray astronomy at more than 100GeV, motivates the growing interest in application of intensity interferometry…
Arguments are proposed which show how images hardly perceptible as hided in a clouding backgound can be revealed utilizing special patterns drawn by means of a simple mathematical procedure. Possible applications might be found in medical…
Resolving how defects emerge and interact within the hierarchical structure of polycrystalline materials remains a core challenge in materials science. Grain-mapping methods such as three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD) and…