Related papers: General solution for quantitative dark-field contr…
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a remarkably powerful diagnostic technique: it generates wide-ranging information for the non-invasive study of tissue anatomy and physiology. Complementary data is normally obtained in separate…
Scattering and absorption of X-rays by interstellar dust is calculated for a model consisting of carbonaceous grains and amorphous silicate grains. The calculations employ realistic dielectric functions with structure near X-ray absorption…
A procedure based on a Mixture Density Model for correcting experimental data for distortions due to finite resolution and limited detector acceptance is presented. Addressing the case that the solution is known to be non-negative, in the…
Like many other advanced imaging methods, x-ray phase contrast imaging and tomography require mathematical inversion of the observed data to obtain real-space information. While an accurate forward model describing the generally nonlinear…
We demonstrate a three phase-grating neutron interferometer as a robust candidate for large area interferometry applications and characterization of materials. This novel far-field moire technique allows for broad wavelength acceptance and…
Imaging the direct light signal from a faint exoplanet against the overwhelming glare of its host star presents one of the fundamental challenges to modern astronomical instrumentation. Achieving sufficient signal-to-noise for detection by…
We lay the foundations for a new fast method to reconstruct the electron density in x-ray scanning applications using measurements in the dark field. This approach is applied to a type of machine configuration with fixed energy sensitive…
This paper shows results of computer analysis of images in the purpose of finding differences between medical images in order of their classifications in terms of separation malign tissue from a normal and benign tissue. The diagnostics of…
Infrared (IR) interferometry has made widely recognised contributions to the way we look at the dusty environment of supermassive black holes on parsec scales. It finally provided direct evidence for orientation-dependent unification of…
Graph contrastive learning has shown great promise when labeled data is scarce, but large unlabeled datasets are available. However, it often does not take uncertainty estimation into account. We show that a variational Bayesian neural…
Optical loss from scattered light could limit the performance of quantum-noise filter cavities being considered for an upgrade to the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave detectors. This paper describes imaging scatterometer measurements of the…
In this whitepaper, we outline how recent technological advances and ongoing developments open qualitatively new science opportunities in cosmology, fundamental physics, and quantum astrophysics. First, intensity interferometry can…
X-ray phase contrast imaging offers a way to visualize the internal structures of an object without the need to deposit any radiation, and thereby alleviate the main concern in x-ray diagnostic imaging procedures today. Grating-based…
The quantitative formulation of Bohr's complementarity proposed by Greenberger and Yasin is applied to some physical situations for which analytical expressions are available. This includes a variety of conventional double-slit experiments,…
We report the possibility to generate tremendous light-field enhancements within shallow nano-trenches made in a high index dielectric material, because of resonant behaviours reminiscent of what we get with sub-wavelength plasmonic…
Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy is a powerful imaging technique for studying materials beyond the diffraction limit. However, interpreting near-field measurements poses challenges in mapping the response of…
A method to extract primary $\gamma$-ray spectra from particle-$\gamma$ coincidences at excitation energies up to the neutron binding energy is described. From these spectra, the level density and $\gamma$-ray strength function can be…
We propose the nuclear interferometer - a single-photon interferometry experiment based upon the thorium-229 nuclear clock transition - as a novel detector for ultra-light dark matter. Thanks to the enhanced sensitivity of this transition…
Parameter estimation with non-Gaussian stochastic fields is a common challenge in astrophysics and cosmology. In this paper, we advocate performing this task using the scattering transform, a statistical tool sharing ideas with…
Imaging with hard x-rays is an invaluable tool in medicine, biology, materials science, and cultural heritage. Propagation-based x-ray phase-contrast imaging and tomography have been mostly used to resolve micrometer-scale structures inside…